GS3: ENVIRONMENT Introduction India is home to 990 Protected Conservation Areas (PCAs) and over 1 million sacred forests. Sacred groves are culturally significant areas protected by traditional beliefs and practices. What are Sacred Groves? Found in states like Maharashtra, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, and Uttarakhand. Small forest patches that act …

GS1: Geography Introduction: The Mahanadi is a major river in East-Central India, known as the “Gift of Chhattisgarh and Odisha.” It is the sixth-largest river in India by discharge and plays a crucial role in the socio-economic development of the region. Key Facts: Source: Originates from the Sihawa hills in …

GS2: International Relations Context: Origin of the Policy: The concept was introduced by Deng Xiaoping during the 1970s. Deng envisioned using the One Country, Two Systems model to unify China and Taiwan. Taiwan, however, rejected this proposal and has continued to operate independently from mainland China, although Beijing has never …

Launched by: Northern Coalfields Limited (NCL), under the Ministry of Coal. What is CHARAK? Community Health: A Responsive Action for Koylanchal (CHARAK) is a health-focused Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) project. It offers free treatment for serious illnesses to economically weaker people in the Singrauli region. Treatment is provided at NCL’s …

Contect: The National Green Tribunal has issued a notice to the Centre and other stakeholders regarding feral horses in the Dibru-Saikhowa National Park, Assam. Dibru-Saikhowa National Park is the only location in India that hosts a population of feral horses. These horses have thrived in the wild for nearly 80 …

GS 3 – Environment  New Climate Finance Goal: A major achievement at COP29 was the establishment of the New Collective Quantified Goal on Climate Finance (NCQG). This goal aims to increase climate finance for developing nations to $300 billion annually by 2035, a significant rise from the previous target of …

GS3: SCIENCE & TECH The Human Rated Launch Vehicle Mark-3 (HLVM3) is an upgraded version of ISRO’s LVM3 rocket, specifically designed to carry astronauts for the Gaganyaan mission, India’s first crewed spaceflight program. Key Features of HLVM3: Payload Capacity: Approximately 10 tonnes to Low Earth Orbit (LEO). Dimensions: 53 meters …

GS2: GOVERNANCE The Assam Accord is an agreement signed on August 15, 1985, between the Indian government, the Assam government, and the All Assam Students’ Union (AASU) to resolve the Assam Agitation, which began due to concerns about illegal immigration from Bangladesh. Key Points: Immigration Issue: People in Assam were …

GS 1 ART & CULTURE The Vaishno Devi Temple is a famous Hindu pilgrimage site located in the Trikuta Mountains in Jammu and Kashmir, dedicated to Mata Vaishno Devi, a form of the Goddess Durga. Key Points: Religious Significance: The temple is dedicated to Goddess Vaishno Devi, believed to be …