PRELIMS BITS – INTERNAL SECURITY Context: Karnataka’s property registration portal, Kaveri 2.0, experienced major disruptions due to a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack, severely affecting its operations. Understanding DDoS Attacks: What is a DDoS Attack? A Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack overwhelms a server or network with an …

PRELIMS BITS – MAP The Sowparnika River is a significant west-flowing river in Karnataka, India. It is known for its religious significance and its connection to the famous Mookambika Temple in Kollur. Origin and Course Origin: The river originates from the Western Ghats in Kodachadri Hills, Karnataka. Course: It flows …

PRELIMS BITS – MAP Context: A recent faunal survey conducted in Parambikulam Tiger Reserve documented 15 newly recorded species, including birds, butterflies, and odonates, further enriching the reserve’s biodiversity checklist. About Parambikulam Tiger Reserve: Location: Spans across Palakkad and Thrissur districts in Kerala. Nestled between the Anamalai Hills and Nelliampathy …

GS 3 – ECONOMY Context: The Finance Ministry is considering raising the deposit insurance limit, which is currently ₹5 lakh, under the Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation (DICGC) Act, 1961. About DICGC: What is it? DICGC is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) that …

GS 3 – AGRICULTURE Context: The Government of India has extended the Pradhan Mantri Annadata Aay Sanrakshan Abhiyan (PM-AASHA) Scheme until 2025-26, aligning with the 15th Finance Commission period. About PM-AASHA Scheme: Objective: PM-AASHA is a comprehensive initiative designed to guarantee fair prices for farmers by strengthening procurement operations and …

GS 3 – ECONOMY Context: APEDA, in partnership with AgroStar and Kay Bee Exports, successfully carried out India’s first-ever commercial trial shipment of premium pomegranate varieties—Sangola and Bhagwa—to Australia via sea. Pomegranate Varieties in Focus: Overview: Sangola and Bhagwa are high-quality pomegranate varieties valued for their sweetness, deep red arils, …

GS 3 – ECONOMY A Sovereign Green Bond (SGrB) is a debt instrument issued by the government to raise capital for projects that promote environmental sustainability. These bonds are part of India’s commitment to green finance and climate action. Features Sovereign Green Bonds are government-issued bonds where the proceeds are …

GS 2 – POLITY The Election Commission of India (ECI) is an independent constitutional authority responsible for conducting free and fair elections in India. It ensures the integrity of the electoral process for parliamentary, state legislative, and presidential elections. Constitutional Provisions Article 324: Vests the ECI with the power to …