GS-3: Indian Economy Key Points: SEBI accuses Pranav Adani, a director in multiple Adani Group companies and Gautam Adani’s nephew, of insider trading linked to the 2021 SB Energy Holdings acquisition by Adani Green Energy. Allegations state Pranav traded using unpublished price-sensitive information (UPSI) before the deal’s announcement, violating insider …

GS-3: Science and Technology Key Points: Indian-origin scientist Nikhilesh Natraj and the UCSF team developed a Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) enabling a paralyzed individual to control a robotic arm through imagined movements. The system operated reliably for months with minimal recalibration, a significant advancement in assistive technology. Sensors detect neural signals …

GS-2: Polity and Governance Key Points: India’s parliamentary oversight has weakened due to limited scrutiny by committees and the executive evading accountability. Standing Committees meet infrequently, lack follow-through, and their recommendations rarely influence policy. The article calls for “Maximum Accountability” alongside “Maximum Governance.” Proposes reforms like mandatory discussions of committee …

GS-2: International Relations Key Points: On April 30, Ukraine and the U.S. signed an agreement granting U.S. access to Ukraine’s untapped critical mineral reserves. The U.S.-Ukraine Reconstruction Investment Fund will fund extraction, with Ukraine receiving 50% of revenues. The deal lacks explicit U.S. security commitments, increasing Ukraine’s vulnerability in its …

GS-2: International Relations Key Points: The article explores a major reconfiguration of the global order, moving from U.S.-dominated unipolarity post-Cold War to a multipolar framework. The rise of China and India, coupled with the Russia-Ukraine conflict, drives this transition. Post-World War II global institutions struggle to adapt to these changes. …

GS-1: Urbanization – Urban Safety Infrastructure Key Points: A tragic fire in a Kolkata hotel in the crowded Burrabazar area claimed 14 lives and injured 13, revealing deficiencies in urban fire safety and response. The six-storey building had only one staircase and no alternative exits, breaching fire safety regulations. A …

GS-1: Indian Society Key Points: Experts highlight that compiling a definitive list of castes and communities will be the primary hurdle for caste enumeration in the upcoming Census. India lacks a current, comprehensive caste database beyond constitutional SC, ST, and OBC lists. The 1931 Census, the last to fully enumerate …

GS-2: Centre-State Dynamics Key Points: The Centre has ordered Punjab to release 4,500 cusecs of water from Bhakra Dam to Haryana for eight days to address urgent water demands. Decision made under the Union Home Secretary’s leadership, involving officials from Punjab, Haryana, and Rajasthan. Punjab’s government has resisted, labeling the …

GS-3: Infrastructure  Key Points: PM Modi inaugurated the ₹8,800-crore Vizhinjam International Deepwater Seaport in Kerala, marking India’s first specialized container transshipment facility. Developed through a PPP model by Adani Ports in collaboration with the Kerala government. Modi stressed that port-driven development will be pivotal for India’s maritime and economic advancement …