Prelims Bits Context: India has issued a Notice to Airmen (NOTAM), closing its airspace to Civilian and Military aircraft owned, operated, or leased by Pakistan. What is NOTAM? NOTAM stands for Notice to Airmen, which is an official, time-sensitive notification issued by aviation authorities. It is designed to inform pilots …

GS3 – Science & Technology Context : New research using the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) on the Subaru Telescope (Hawaii) has offered insights into the distribution of matter in the universe. The researchers arrived at a Sigma 8 (S8) value of 0.747, which is consistent with earlier astronomical surveys. What is …

GS2 – Social Sector Context: A recent analysis by the Global Antibiotic Research and Development Partnership (GARDP) has brought to light serious gaps in access to suitable antibiotics for treating drug-resistant infections in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), including India. Study Findings Scope of the Study: The research focused on …

GS2 – Polity Context: India has not appointed a Deputy Speaker for both the 17th and 18th Lok Sabha sessions, despite constitutional provisions requiring it. Constitutional Provision Article 93 of the Constitution mandates the election of both the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha “as soon as …

GS1 – Geography Context:   Indian scientists have successfully charted the plasma movements within the Sun’s Near-Surface Shear Layer. About NSSL The Near-Surface Shear Layer is a turbulent zone extending roughly 35,000 km beneath the Sun’s visible surface, where a significant drop in plasma rotational speed with increasing depth is …

GS3 – S&T Context: Indian Air Force officer Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla will become the first Indian astronaut to visit the International Space Station (ISS) as part of the Axiom-4 (Ax-4) mission. About the Ax-4 Mission Organizer: Axiom Space (U.S.-based private space company), in collaboration with NASA. Launch Vehicle: SpaceX …