GS Paper I – Geography & GS Paper II – International Relations Context: The Kailash Mansarovar Yatra is set to resume from June 30, 2025, after a five-year suspension due to the COVID-19 pandemic and Indo-China border tensions. The resumption is being seen as a cultural revival and diplomatic milestone …

GS Paper II – Health Context: India has officially launched its national HPV vaccination drive for adolescent girls aged 9–14 years as part of its Universal Immunization Programme (UIP). The move aims to eliminate cervical cancer as a public health problem by 2040, aligning with WHO’s global strategy. What is …

GS Paper II – Polity Context: Recently, the Madras High Court raised concerns over the frequent and arbitrary use of the Goondas Act in Tamil Nadu, highlighting its misuse against individuals involved in minor or non-heinous offences. This has reignited the debate on preventive detention laws and their alignment with …

GS Paper II – Governance Context  The Ministry of Jal Shakti has accelerated the implementation of GIS-based mapping of water supply systems under the Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM). This initiative aims to ensure real-time monitoring, transparency, and efficiency in the delivery of functional household tap connections (FHTCs) across rural India. …