GS2 – Polity Context Conflicting judgments by the Delhi and Madras High Courts have reignited the debate on the legal contours of phone tapping. Delhi HC Verdict: Upheld the admissibility of phone-tapping evidence collected by CBI in a corruption case, citing the serious national impact of corruption. Madras HC Verdict: …

GS2 – International Relations Context The UAE unveiled a nomination-based golden visa for skilled residents of India and Bangladesh, with a one-time fee of AED 100,000 (~₹23.3 lakh). The pilot will later include China and other CEPA partners. Key Features: Long-term residency enabling foreign nationals to live, work, and study …

GS1 – Geography Context   During an ongoing heatwave, Portugal experienced a spectacular and rare roll cloud, a dramatic atmospheric event. What Are Roll Clouds? Roll clouds, also termed volutus, belong to the arcus cloud family. They are rare, tube-shaped horizontal clouds that appear to roll along their horizontal axis. …

GS1 – Geography Context   An intense cold wave hit South America due to the intrusion of a strong polar anticyclone, resulting in rare snowfall in Chile’s Atacama Desert—the first in over a decade. This was caused by an unusually northward extension of an Antarctic high-pressure system. Understanding Polar Anticyclones: …