GOVERNANCE

GS II-Initiatives Context: The Delhi Police has introduced ‘Shishtachar’ squads to combat sexual harassment in public spaces, drawing inspiration from Uttar Pradesh’s ‘Anti-Romeo Squads.’ Key Features of the Initiative Team Structure: Each squad is headed by an Inspector and consists of a Sub-Inspector, five male constables, four female constables, and …

GS II-Governance Context: India is facing an escalating water crisis due to rising temperatures, with 2024 recorded as the hottest year since 1901. The intensifying heatwaves have further widened the water availability gap, leading to severe resource stress. Understanding the Water Gap: The water gap signifies the imbalance between the …

GS II- Governance Overview The Automated Permanent Academic Account Registry (APAAR) ID was introduced under the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, aiming to standardize student records across the country. While designed to enhance educational transitions, concerns regarding implementation and data privacy have led to significant debates among activists. Key Features …

Subject: GS-2: Governance & Policy – Census Operations, National Population Register (NPR), Demographic Insights GS-3: Technology & Data Systems – Digital Governance, Aadhaar in Policy Implementation Key Points Census Postponement & Panel’s Call The 2021 Census was deferred indefinitely due to COVID-19 disruptions. The Parliamentary Standing Committee on Home Affairs …

Subject: GS-2: Governance & Policy – Food Safety Standards, Consumer Rights, Health Policies GS-3: Health & Nutrition – Obesity Trends, Ultra-Processed Foods (UPFs), Regulatory Effectiveness Key Points Obesity Surge & Policy Gaps National Family Health Survey-5 (NFHS-5): One in four Indian adults is obese or pre-diabetic. Economic Survey 2025 suggests …

Subject: GS-2: Governance & Federalism – President’s Rule, Law Enforcement, Centre-State Roles GS-3: Internal Security & Conflict Management – Ethnic Disputes, Insurgency, Militant Groups Key Points President’s Rule and Actions The BJP-led Manipur government was dissolved, with President’s Rule enacted to stabilize the region. Replacing N. Biren Singh has proven …

Subject: GS-2: Governance & Educational Reforms – University Independence, UGC’s Role, Centre-State Dynamics in Education GS-4: Ethics in Administration – Meritocracy, Institutional Accountability Key Points UGC’s Draft Regulations & Issues The University Grants Commission (UGC) Regulations 2025 suggest revisions to the Vice-Chancellor (V-C) selection process and criteria. States oppose diminished …

Subject: GS-2: Governance & Policy Measures – Urban Mobility Strategies, Sustainable Transport GS-3: Environment & Economy – Electric Vehicles, Emission Reduction, Renewable Energy Key Points Draft EV 2.0 Policy & Goals The Delhi government has finalized its Electric Vehicle (EV) 2.0 Policy, awaiting Cabinet approval. Targets 95% of newly registered …

Subjects: GS-2: Governance & Tech: AI Strategy, Local Innovation GS-3: Science & Tech: AI Development, Quantum Advances Key Points Case for Homegrown AI Ajay Sood, Principal Scientific Adviser, stresses India’s need for custom AI models tailored to its diverse population and languages. India’s AI Mission prioritizes computing power and data …

Subjects: GS-2: Education & Governance: Language Policy, NEP Implementation GS-1: Society: Linguistic Variety, Mother Tongue’s Role Key Points Instruction Medium NEP 2020 requires teaching in the mother tongue or regional language until Grade 5, ideally Grade 8, to boost learning outcomes. Multilingualism, including bilingual methods, is promoted from early education. …

Subjects: GS-1: Society: Gender Equity, Women’s Empowerment GS-2: Governance & Judiciary: Judicial Selection, Representation Issues Key Points Gender Disparity in Courts Women constitute just 14.27% of High Court judges (109 out of 765). High Courts in Uttarakhand, Meghalaya, and Tripura have no female judges. Allahabad HC, India’s largest with 79 …

Subjects: GS-1: Society: Women’s Advancement, Social Challenges GS-2: Governance & Welfare: Gender Initiatives, Economic Inclusion GS-3: Economy & Technology: Startups, Digital Empowerment Key Points Sanitation & Water Access Programs Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (SBM) enhanced cleanliness, dignity, and well-being for 116 million households. Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) boosted tap water coverage …

Subjects: GS-2: Governance & Internal Security: Public Order, Federal Structure GS-3: Infrastructure: Road Networks & Connectivity Key Points Ethnic Conflict & Highway Disruption Female demonstrators halted traffic on National Highway-2 in Kangpokpi and Churachandpur districts. The Kuki-Zo community spearheaded the protest, opposing the free movement of vehicles policy. This follows …

SUBJECT: GS-2: International Relations (India-Caribbean Relations, Global Diplomacy) GS-2: Governance (Global Leadership, Pandemic Response) Key Highlights Honorary Order of Freedom of Barbados Prime Minister Narendra Modi received the ‘Honorary Order of Freedom of Barbados’ for his leadership during the COVID-19 pandemic. Award presented by Pabitra Margherita, Minister of State for …

SUBJECT: GS-2: Governance (Urban Development, Public-Private Partnerships) GS-3: Economy (Infrastructure Projects, Legal and Financial Implications) Key Highlights Overview of the Dharavi Redevelopment Project Aims to transform Dharavi, one of Asia’s largest slums, into a modern urban area. Maharashtra government awarded the project to Adani Properties in 2022 after cancelling Seclink …

SUBJECT: GS-3: Economy (Taxation, Disaster Management) GS-2: Governance (Federalism, Fiscal Policy) Key Highlights Formation of the GoM The GST Council constituted a Group of Ministers (GoM) to devise revenue mobilisation strategies for natural calamities. The decision was made in a meeting on December 21, 2024, to ensure a structured fiscal …

SUBJECT: GS-3: Economy (Biofuels, Agricultural Productivity) GS-2: Government Policies (Energy Security, Cooperative Sector Reforms) Key Highlights Overview of the Scheme The Government of India introduced the Modified Ethanol Interest Subvention Scheme to improve the financial viability of Cooperative Sugar Mills (CSMs). Allows CSMs to upgrade their ethanol plants to use …

SUBJECT: GS-2: Governance (Food Security, Welfare Schemes) GS-3: Economy (Financial Inclusion, Infrastructure Development) Key Highlights Launch of the Campaign Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the Surat Food Security Saturation Campaign in Limbayat, Surat. Aims to distribute benefits under the National Food Security Act to 2.3 lakh beneficiaries. Represents Surat’s collective …

SUBJECT: GS-3: Science & Technology (Quantum Computing, Cybersecurity) GS-2: National Security (Defense Applications, Strategic Technology) Key Highlights NITI Aayog’s Quantum Push NITI Aayog launched the NITI Frontier Tech Hub to advance India’s capabilities in quantum computing. A strategic paper highlights how quantum technology will reshape national security and other sectors. …

GS-2: Governance (Electoral Reforms, Election Commission’s Role) GS-3: Technology in Governance (Voter ID Digitization, Data Management) Key Highlights Election Commission’s Plan to Resolve Duplicate Voter IDs: Election Commission (EC) acknowledged the issue of duplicate EPIC (Voter ID) numbers. EC committed to resolving the issue within 3 months by ensuring a …