Context:
The 850 MW Ratle Hydroelectric Project on the Chenab River in Jammu & Kashmir’s Kishtwar district has sought an extension of its environmental clearance (EC) amid prolonged delays, legal challenges, and evolving geopolitical factors.
Key Highlights:
- Project Overview
- Implemented by Ratle Hydroelectric Power Corporation Limited (RHPCL).
- Construction undertaken by Megha Engineering and Infrastructure Limited.
- Features a 133-metre-high concrete gravity dam.
- Reason for EC Extension
- Delays between 2016 and 2021 due to:
- Prolonged litigation between GVK Group and the J&K government.
- Disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.
- The Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) of the Union Environment Ministry will consider the request.
- Legal & Environmental Issues
- Ongoing cases before the National Green Tribunal (NGT) alleging illegal muck dumping into the Chenab river.
- Environmental compliance concerns continue to affect project timelines.
- Indus Water Treaty Dimension
- Pakistan had earlier raised objections over Ratle’s design under the Indus Water Treaty (IWT).
- Following the suspension of the IWT, India has accelerated projects such as Ratle, Sawalkote, and Dulhasti Stage-II.
- Recent Developments
- Union Power Minister Manohar Lal laid the foundation stone for dam concreting works.
- Additional controversies include recruitment-related allegations and security concerns.
Relevant Prelims Points:
- Environmental Clearance (EC) – meaning and validity.
- Indus Water Treaty (IWT) – key provisions.
- Role of NGT and EAC.
- Hydroelectric power characteristics.
Relevant Mains Points:
- Significance:
- Enhances energy security and regional development.
- Concerns:
- Ecological impact, transboundary water disputes.
- Way Forward:
- Strict environmental compliance.
- Transparent monitoring and diplomacy-backed water governance.
UPSC Relevance:
GS 3 – Environment & Ecology | GS 2 – International Relations, Governance | Prelims & Mains