GS 1 Society
Key Facts:
- Crude Birth Rate (CBR):
- Declined by 0.7 points from 19.1 (2022) to 18.4 (2023) (per 1,000 people).
- Total Fertility Rate (TFR):
- Fell to 1.9 in 2023, first decline in two years.
- Replacement level TFR = 2.1.
- India’s TFR in 2021 & 2022 = 2.0.
- Highest & Lowest Birth Rates:
- Highest CBR: Bihar – 25.8
- Lowest CBR: Tamil Nadu – 12
- Highest & Lowest TFR among States/UTs:
- Highest TFR: Bihar – 2.8
- Lowest TFR: Delhi – 1.2
- States with TFR above replacement level (all in Northern India):
- Bihar (2.8), Uttar Pradesh (2.6), Madhya Pradesh (2.4), Rajasthan (2.3), Chhattisgarh (2.2).
- States/UTs with Lowest TFR:
- Delhi (1.2), West Bengal (1.3), Tamil Nadu (1.3), Maharashtra (1.4).
Demographic Trends:
- Elderly Population (60+ years):
- Increased by 0.7 percentage points in one year → 9.7% of population in 2023.
- Highest proportion: Kerala – 15%.
- Lowest proportion: Assam (7.6%), Delhi (7.7%), Jharkhand (7.6%).