GS 1 – Modern Indian history  The Indian National Congress (INC) is celebrating the 100th anniversary of the historic Belagavi Session. Planned activities include a two-day Congress Working Committee (CWC) extended session and a public rally titled ‘Jai Bapu, Jai Bhim, Jai Samvidhan’. Overview of the Belagavi Session (December 26–27, …

GS 2 – Schemes   Celebrates the energy, determination, talent, zeal, and enthusiasm of children across India, recognizing their outstanding contributions. It is the most prestigious national award given to children in India. Administered by the Ministry of Women and Child Development, Government of India. Awarded annually to commendable children under …

Prelims – Map  Location: Landlocked mountainous area in the South Caucasus. History: After the Russian Empire collapsed in 1917, both Azerbaijan and Armenia claimed the region. This led to ongoing conflict between the two countries. Current Status: The region is internationally recognized as part of Azerbaijan. Most of its population …

GS2 – Polity Dr. Manmohan Singh, an eminent economist and politician, served as the 13th Prime Minister of India from May 22, 2004, to May 26, 2014, leading the country for two consecutive terms. He was the first Sikh to hold the office of Prime Minister and is widely respected …

GS 2 – Polity   The Ministry of Home Affairs has directed the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) to ensure the complete implementation of three new criminal laws under the Inter-operable Criminal Justice System (ICJS) 2.0. Key Highlights Focus Areas: States and Union Territories must prioritize applications like eSakshya (evidence management), …

GS2 – Polity Prime Minister Narendra Modi will distribute over 58 lakh property cards under the SVAMITVA scheme, aimed at empowering rural property owners by providing legal documentation of ownership. This initiative strengthens ownership rights in villages and improves access to credit and financial services. Purpose of the SVAMITVA Scheme …

GS2 – Governance  The Viksit Panchayat Karmayogi initiative was launched on Good Governance Day to mark the 100th birth anniversary of former Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee. It aims to strengthen Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) through better tools and training. Key Objectives As part of the Prashasan Gaon Ki Aur …

GS 3 – Economy   Small Finance Banks (SFBs) are special banks approved by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to offer banking services to low-income individuals and underserved communities. They provide services like microfinance, small loans, savings, and insurance. After starting operations, SFBs are recognized as scheduled banks under the …

GS 3 – Science and technology  Dark Patterns are design tricks used by websites and apps to manipulate users into doing things they didn’t intend, often for the company’s benefit. These designs take advantage of human psychology to get users to make choices that are not in their best interest. …

GS 3 – Geography   Rare Earth Elements (REEs) are a group of 17 chemical elements that play a crucial role in modern technology, energy, and defense industries. Despite the name, they are not necessarily “rare,” but they are often difficult to find in concentrated forms suitable for extraction. REEs are …

GS 3 – Economy  The RBI (Reserve Bank of India) Monetary Policy is a key tool used by the RBI to control inflation, maintain price stability, and promote economic growth in India. It helps manage money supply, interest rates, and overall economic stability. Understanding its basics is crucial for the …