GS 3 – Water resource  Key Highlights: Policy Unveiled: The Ministry of Ports, Shipping & Waterways (MoPSW) introduced the Jalvahak scheme to promote long-haul cargo transport via National Waterways 1 (Ganga), National Waterways 2 (Brahmaputra), and National Waterways 16 (Barak). Incentive Structure: Direct reimbursement of up to 35% of operational …

GS 2 – International relation  The territorial dispute between Israel and Palestine centers on both claiming historical rights to the same areas, including Gaza, the West Bank, and Jerusalem. This conflict has led to the displacement of many Palestinians, creating a significant refugee population. Over the years, tensions have flared …

GS 3: Science & Tech           Hemophilia is a genetic disorder where the blood doesn’t clot properly, leading to excessive bleeding after injury, surgery, or even without a clear cause. It is usually inherited and primarily affects males, although females can be carriers of the gene. Hemophilia occurs because of …

GS 3: Economy The Most-Favoured-Nation (MFN) principle under the World Trade Organization (WTO) promotes fairness in international trade. It means that if a country offers a favourable trade benefit, like lower taxes or tariffs, to one country, it must offer the same deal to all other WTO members. This helps …

GS 3: Economy  Definition: FTAs reduce trade barriers (tariffs, quotas) to promote economic cooperation between nations. Key Features: Reduction in Barriers: Encourages trade with fewer restrictions. Formal Agreements: Bilateral or multilateral pacts. Types of Agreements: Preferential Trade Agreement (PTA): Tariff reductions (e.g., India-MERCOSUR). FTA: Eliminates most tariffs (e.g., India-Sri Lanka …

GS 3: Disaster Management  A stampede is sudden, chaotic crowd movement causing injuries or fatalities, often triggered by panic or overcrowding. Notable Incidents in India: 2008 Naina Devi Temple: Landslide rumors caused 145 deaths. 2017 Mumbai Bridge: Overcrowding led to 22 fatalities. 2022 Vaishno Devi Shrine: Panic caused 22 deaths. …

GS 2: Polity  Opposition’s No-Confidence Motion The opposition has moved a no-confidence motion against the Vice President, alleging biased conduct during Rajya Sabha proceedings. Key Reasons for Motion: Neutrality: Essential for presiding officers in democracy. Alleged Bias: Claims of favoritism in debates, procedures, and disciplinary actions. Democratic Values: Ensures Rajya …

GS 1-Geography  Daylight Saving Time (DST) is a practice where clocks are advanced by one hour during the summer months and set back in autumn to maximize the use of daylight. This system allows for longer evenings, potentially reducing the need for artificial lighting and optimizing the daylight available for …

GS 1 -Geography  Panna Tiger Reserve is located in the northern part of Madhya Pradesh, nestled within the Vindhyan mountain range. Covering an area of 542 square kilometers, it stands as the only Tiger Reserve in the Bundelkhand In recognition of its ecological significance, the reserve was designated as a …

GS 1-History Historical Background of the Jama Masjid, Sambhal The Jama Masjid in Sambhal, Uttar Pradesh, is a historical and architectural marvel that stands as a testament to the region’s rich and diverse history. Constructed in 1526 by Mir Hindu Beg, an officer in the service of Mughal Emperor Babur, …

GS 2-IR Historical Context: Since 1971, Syria has been governed by the Assad family. Hafez al-Assad ruled as an authoritarian leader until his death in 2000, when his son, Bashar al-Assad, assumed power. Their regime was characterized by a tightly controlled state apparatus, suppression of dissent, and favoritism towards the …

What is Minimum Support Price (MSP)? The Minimum Support Price (MSP) is a form of market intervention by the Government of India to ensure agricultural producers a minimum profit for their produce in case the open market prices fall below the cost of production. Key Features of MSP Announced by: …

GS-1-Culture The Maha Kumbh Mela is scheduled to take place in Prayagraj from 13th January to 26th February 2025. What is the Kumbh Mela? The Kumbh Mela is one of the largest religious gatherings in the world, held at four sacred locations in India: Haridwar, Ujjain, Nashik, and Prayagraj. Each …

GS-2-International organisation The Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC) is an international body established in May 1963 by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO). Its primary objective is to protect consumer health and ensure fair practices in food trade. Key Functions and Recognition: Codex Standards: The …

GS-2-IR The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is an intergovernmental organization dedicated to promoting the peaceful use of nuclear energy while preventing its application for military purposes, including nuclear weapons. Established in 1957, it is often referred to as the world’s “Atoms for Peace” organization. Its governance is based on …