GS 3 – ECONOMY Context The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) is exploring amendments to short-selling regulations to broaden market access, ease disclosure requirements, and refine penalty structures. Historical Background 2001: SEBI imposed a ban on short selling. 2007: Institutional investors were granted permission to engage in short …

GS 3 – SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Background The recent shift in the United States’ approach to cryptocurrency has prompted India to reconsider its own regulatory framework. US Policy Shift on Crypto 2019: Former President Donald Trump expressed doubts about cryptocurrencies, arguing that Bitcoin and similar digital assets were highly volatile …

GS 2 – POLITY Context The government has introduced the Immigration and Foreigners Bill 2025 in the Lok Sabha to enhance and modernize immigration regulations. Rationale Behind the Bill Legal Streamlining: The bill seeks to eliminate redundancy by repealing four existing laws, ensuring a more coherent legal framework. Impact on …

GS 3 – ECONOMY Background The Reserve Bank of India’s (RBI) Financial Stability Report 2024 highlights a surge in household debt, with a shift toward more creditworthy borrowers. However, the growing trend of consumer loans raises concerns about broader macroeconomic stability. Household Debt Trends Debt-to-GDP Ratio: Increased from 36.6% in …

GS 3 – ENVIRONMENT Background India experienced its hottest February in 124 years in 2025, with severe heatwaves in March posing a significant threat to wheat production, crop quality, and food security. Wheat in India: Key Insights Significance: Wheat is the second most essential staple food in India, widely consumed …

GS2 INTERNATIONAL RELATION Background Lithuania’s Independence: Lithuania became the first nation to break away from the Soviet Union in 1991, marking the beginning of the U.S.S.R.’s disintegration. Lithuania Geographical Location: Situated in the Baltic region of Europe, Lithuania shares its borders with Latvia, Belarus, Poland, and the Baltic Sea. Baltic …