Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (STSS)

Context:
Japan is currently witnessing a surge in cases of a rare yet deadly bacterial infection known as STSS, commonly referred to as a flesh-eating disease. According to the National Institute of Infectious Diseases, nearly 1,000 cases have already been reported this year, exceeding last year’s figures.

About STSS:

• STSS is a life-threatening condition caused by Group A Streptococcus (GAS) bacteria, capable of causing death within 48 hours of infection.
• The infection progresses swiftly, resulting in high fever, severe pain, low blood pressure, and potential organ failure.
• Following the relaxation of COVID-19 restrictions, there has been an increase in GAS infections, particularly among individuals over 50 who are more vulnerable to severe complications.
• Group A Streptococcus bacteria produce toxins that trigger an extreme inflammatory response in the body. These toxins cause significant tissue damage, leading to rapid tissue necrosis (flesh-eating), severe pain, and shock.
• The infection can quickly enter the bloodstream and vital organs, leading to multi-organ failure in a short span of time.

STSS demands immediate medical attention due to its aggressive nature and the potential for catastrophic outcomes.