PRELIMS

Solar storms are disturbances on the Sun that can hurl charged particles and intense radiation towards Earth. Types of Solar Storms: Solar Flares: Intense bursts of electromagnetic radiation released from the Sun’s surface. They can disrupt radio communications and power grids. Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs): Massive clouds of charged particles …

Introduction A joint mission between NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) and ISRO (Indian Space Research Organization) to co-develop and launch a dual-frequency synthetic aperture radar (SAR) on an Earth observation satellite. First radar imaging satellite to use two different radar frequencies (L-band and S-band) to measure changes of our …

Introduction: The Hybrid Annuity Model (HAM) is a Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model introduced by the Government of India in 2016. It aims to address the funding challenges in infrastructure development, particularly in the road sector. HAM combines elements of two existing models: Engineering, Procurement, and Construction (EPC): Under EPC, the …

Scheme Overview: Launched: Union Budget 2022-23 (ongoing till 2025-26) Target: Border villages along the northern borders of India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, Ladakh) Focus: Comprehensive development of these villages to improve living standards and curb outmigration. Funding: Centrally Sponsored Scheme with a budget of ₹4,800 crores. Key Objectives: …

Introduction: The Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY), also known as “Housing for All” mission, is a flagship initiative launched by the Government of India in 2015. It aims to achieve the ambitious goal of “Housing for All by 2022” by providing affordable housing solutions to all eligible urban and rural …

Concept : Inhabiting the Niyamgiri Hills of Odisha resides the Dongria Kondh tribe, also known as Dangaria Kandha. This hilly region, characterized by dense forests, cascading streams, and deep canyons, provides sustenance for the Dongria Kondh through hunting, gathering, and practicing a unique form of agriculture. Their name itself reflects …

West Nile fever is a mosquito-borne viral disease that can infect humans, birds, horses, and other mammals. The virus is transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito. Transmission The main way West Nile virus is transmitted is through the bite of an infected mosquito. Culex mosquitoes are the main …

Scheme for Modernization and Reforms through Technology in Public Distribution System Objective: Launched by the Department of Food and Public Distribution in 2015 to revamp the Targeted Public Distribution System (TPDS). Aims to improve efficiency, transparency, and accountability in delivering subsidized food grains to beneficiaries, estimated to be over 800 …

    Concept : The G7 summits are annual meetings between the leaders of the members of the G7 countires. Member Countries: Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, United Kingdom, and the United States. The European Union also participates in the discussions. Presidency: The presidency rotates annually among the member countries. Italy …

Concept : The Model Code of Conduct (MCC) is a set of guidelines issued by the Election Commission of India to regulate the conduct of political parties and their candidates in the run-up to elections. These guidelines range from issues related to speeches, polling day, polling booths, portfolios, the content …