‘Achal’ Fast Patrol Vessel

GS3 – Science & Technology

Context:

The Indian Coast Guard has launched ‘Achal’, the fifth vessel in the series of Adamya-class Fast Patrol Vessels (FPVs), marking a step forward in coastal defence capabilities.

About ‘Achal’ FPV:

• Class & Builder: Fifth in the Adamya-class of FPVs, constructed by Goa Shipyard Limited (GSL).

• Certification: Holds dual classification from the American Bureau of Shipping (ABS) and the Indian Register of Shipping (IRS), ensuring international standards of safety and quality.
• Indigenisation: Incorporates over 60% indigenous components, boosting India’s defence self-reliance under Atmanirbhar Bharat.
• Dimensions:
  • Length: 52 metres
  • Beam (Width): 8 metres
• Speed Capability: Can attain a top speed of 27 knots (approx. 50 km/h).
• Operational Range: Capable of covering 1,500 nautical miles at a cruising speed of 14 knots.
• Weapon System: Equipped with the CRN-91, a 30 mm indigenous naval gun, designed for close-range defence.

Roles and Applications:

• Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) Patrol: Ensures maritime law enforcement and economic security.
• Anti-Smuggling Operations: Monitors and intercepts illegal trade and trafficking.
• Counter-Piracy: Supports secure maritime trade by deterring pirate activities.
• Maritime Surveillance: Conducts reconnaissance and monitors suspicious vessels.

Key Concepts Explained:

• Fast Patrol Vessel (FPV):
  A high-speed, compact ship meant for patrolling coastal and near-shore areas, often used for rapid response and enforcement duties.
• Adamya-Class:
  A series of indigenous patrol vessels designed and built by GSL for the Indian Coast Guard.
• Knots:
  A unit of speed used in maritime navigation; 1 knot = 1.852 km/h.
• Nautical Mile:
  A unit for measuring distances at sea; 1 nautical mile = 1.852 km.
• CRN-91 Gun:
  A locally developed 30 mm naval weapon system used for close-range threat engagement on patrol ships.