Aircraft Accident Investigation Bureau (AAIB)

Prelims Bits

Context:

Following the recent plane crash in Ahmedabad, concerns have been raised about the autonomy and efficiency of aviation accident investigations in India.

About AAIB

• Established: 2012
• Parent Ministry: Ministry of Civil Aviation
• Headquarters: New Delhi
• Background: Prior to AAIB’s creation, the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) conducted aircraft accident investigations.
• Legal Basis: Formed to meet India’s commitments under Annex 13 of the Chicago Convention (1944).
• Framework: Operates under India’s State Safety Programme (SSP).

Functions

• Investigates aviation accidents and major incidents involving:
  • Aircraft over 2,250 kg, or
  • Turbojet-powered aircraft within Indian territory.
• Classifies events as:
  • Accidents
  • Serious Incidents
  • Incidents
• Publishes final investigation reports for use by international aviation authorities.

Chicago Convention (1944)

• Signed: 1944 in Chicago; Came into force: 1947
• Objective:
  • Define global norms for airspace use, aircraft registration, and aviation safety.
  • Foster international collaboration in civil aviation.
  • Led to the establishment of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).
• ICAO: A specialized UN agency that oversees international aviation standards and practices.