GS2

GS2 – IR  Why in News? The ballot for the United Kingdom-India Young Professionals Scheme (YPS) is set to open soon. About the Scheme The YPS is a reciprocal initiative that enables nationals from the UK and India to live, study, travel, and work in the other country for up …

GS2-GOVERNANCE  Context: The possibility of President’s Rule being imposed in Manipur has arisen following the resignation of Chief Minister N. Biren Singh, as the BJP struggles to reach a consensus on a new leader. What is President’s Rule? President’s Rule refers to a situation where the state government is suspended, …

GS2 GOVERNANCE:  Introduction The report, titled “Expanding Quality Higher Education through States and State Public Universities,” focuses on improving State Public Universities (SPUs), which educate 80% of India’s college students. State Public Universities 495 SPUs in India as of January 2025, with Karnataka having the most (43), followed by West …

GS2 GOVERNANCE:  The Government of India has introduced amendments to the Civil Liability for Nuclear Damages Act (CLNDA) 2010 and the Atomic Energy Act 1962 to attract foreign nuclear investments, especially from American and French companies. These amendments aim to address challenges faced in past nuclear projects. Context of the …

GS2 GOVERNANCE:  Context of the Dispute The Supreme Court is examining Governor’s powers in the legislative process due to delays in granting assent to Bills by the Tamil Nadu government. The case arose from petitions questioning the delayed assent by Governor RN Ravi since his appointment in 2021. Tamil Nadu …

GS2 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS:  Event Details Held from 7th to 11th February 2025 in Gandhinagar, Gujarat. Organized by the Department of Youth Affairs, Government of India. Inaugurated by Union Minister Dr. Mansukh Mandaviya on 8th February 2025. Background of BIMSTEC Regional organization with seven member states: India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, …

GS2 POLITY:  Objective PM-AJAY aims to uplift Scheduled Caste (SC) communities by combating poverty, enhancing education, and promoting employment opportunities. Core Components Adarsh Gram Development: Transforms SC-majority villages into model villages with improved infrastructure, health, education, and financial inclusion. Grants-in-Aid: Funds district and state-level livelihood projects for socio-economic development. Hostel …

GS2: Governance Why in News? The Union Cabinet has approved the extension of the National Commission for Safai Karamcharis (NCSK) for an additional three years beyond 2025. Who are Safai Karamcharis? A Safai Karamchari refers to an individual engaged in or employed for manual scavenging or sanitation-related tasks, including handling …

GS2: Polity, Governance Context: The Supreme Court directed the Assam government to deport 63 detained individuals classified as “foreigners.” Key Concern: Many detainees are Declared Foreign Nationals (DFNs)—people labeled as foreigners without definitive proof of foreign nationality. Foreigners Tribunals (FTs) Formation & Legal Basis: Established: Under the Foreigners (Tribunals) Order, …

GS2: Schemes Launched: Union Budget 2022-23 Ministry: Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region (MDoNER) Objective: To fund infrastructure and social development projects in the North East Objectives Infrastructure Growth: Improve connectivity and boost economic activities Social Development: Enhance healthcare, education, and livelihoods Entrepreneurship: Promote startups and business ventures Sustainability: …

GS 2: Governance Context: The Delhi High Court is currently reviewing a petition challenging the Delhi Prison Rules, 2018, specifically questioning whether the denial of furlough—despite an inmate’s good conduct—conflicts with the reformative principles of the criminal justice system. Understanding Parole: Definition: Parole is a temporary, conditional release of a …

GS 2 Schemes The Restructured National Bamboo Mission (NBM) is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme launched by the Government of India under the National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA). It was revamped in 2018-19 to boost bamboo sector development by promoting sustainable farming, processing, and product diversification. Objectives of Restructured NBM …

GS 2 Schemes Overview – Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana (PMMVY) is a centrally sponsored maternity benefit scheme launched by the Government of India in 2017 under the Ministry of Women and Child Development. It aims to provide financial assistance to pregnant and lactating women for their first child to …

GS 2 Schemes Objective: The scheme aims to offer internships to 1 crore youth over a span of five years in 500 leading companies. Skill Development & Employability: Designed to enhance employability by providing practical work experience across various industries, the initiative emphasizes skill development. Contribution to Atmanirbhar Bharat: It …

GS Paper II – Governance Introduction The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) is a statutory body established to protect and promote human rights in India. It was set up on October 12, 1993, under the Protection of Human Rights Act (PHRA), 1993. Composition of NHRC The NHRC consists of: Chairperson …

GS 2 – INTERNATIONAL RELATION Background: USAID, a key agency under the U.S. government, is currently undergoing scrutiny and structural changes under the Trump administration, along with reforms led by Elon Musk’s Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE). Overview and Functions of USAID Formation: Established in 1961 through an executive order …

GS 2 – INTERNATIONAL RELATION Context: The United States, under the leadership of then-President Donald Trump, issued an executive order to withdraw from the World Health Organization (WHO), citing inefficiencies in handling the COVID-19 crisis and the need for structural reforms. About WHO The World Health Organization (WHO) is a …

GS2 GOVERNANCE  The SWAMIH Fund 2.0 is a government initiative aimed at completing stalled housing projects, particularly affordable and mid-income ones. It helps developers get the financial support they need to finish these projects and deliver homes to buyers who’ve already invested. Key Objectives: Complete Stalled Projects: Helps developers finish …

GS2 POLITY  Key Provisions: Unlawful conversion classified as a cognisable and non-bailable offence. Imprisonment up to 10 years and a ₹50,000 fine for offenders. Criminalises conversions via misrepresentation, coercion, or fraudulent means. Declaration to the District Magistrate required 60 days before any conversion. Penalties: General offences: 1 to 5 years …

GS2 GOVERNANCE Survey Scope: Conducted over 50 days, covering 35+ million individuals and 96.9% of households. Utilized 94,863 enumerators, 9,628 supervisors, and 76,000 data operators. Population Breakdown: Implications: Aims to improve welfare schemes and job opportunities for underrepresented groups. Supports data-driven governance and policy-making under Chief Minister A Revanth Reddy’s …