GS2

UPSC Relevance GS-2: Governance – Transparency, accountability, RTI Act GS-2: Polity – Fundamental Rights (Article 21), data privacy GS-4: Ethics – Public interest, governance principles Key Highlights Amendment Details The government amended Section 8(1)(j) of the RTI Act through Section 44(3) of the DPDP Act 2023. The original clause permitted …

UPSC Relevance GS-2: International Relations – West Asia geopolitics, China’s strategic priorities GS-3: Security – Global terrorism, Uyghur concerns Key Highlights Uyghur Presence in Syria Uyghur fighters from the East Turkistan Islamic Movement (ETIM) have assumed military roles in the new Syrian regime. One Uyghur is among Syria’s 50 top-ranking …

UPSC Relevance GS-2: Governance & International Relations – Extradition agreements, Interpol Red Notice, India-Belgium ties GS-3: Internal Security – Financial crimes, bank fraud GS-4: Ethics – Accountability, Fugitive Economic Offenders Key Highlights Arrest and Context Mehul Choksi, a fugitive businessman, was apprehended in Belgium on April 12, 2025, as India …

UPSC Relevance GS-2: International Relations – India-Africa Cooperation, Regional Diplomacy GS-3: Security – Maritime Security, Naval Collaboration, SAGAR Vision Key Highlights AI-KEYME Overview Name: Africa India Key Maritime Engagement Location: Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania First Edition: 2025 Goal: Foster collaborative maritime solutions for regional challenges. Indian Naval Involvement Ships: INS Chennai (destroyer), …

UPSC Relevance GS-2: International Relations – EU-China Relations, Multilateralism vs. Unilateralism GS-3: International Trade – Tariffs, Protectionism, Global Trade Wars Essay: Global Power Dynamics, Diplomacy, and Economic Cooperation Key Points Xi’s Critique of U.S. Tariffs Xi condemned U.S. President Trump’s “unilateral bullying” through steep tariffs on Chinese goods. He urged …

UPSC Relevance GS-2: International Relations – India-EU Relations, Trade Diplomacy GS-3: Economy – Bilateral Trade Agreements, Tariffs, and Protectionism Essay: Globalization, Geopolitics, and Trade Cooperation Key Points Position on U.S. Tariff Pause Tajani praised President Trump’s 90-day tariff suspension, advocating for similar EU-U.S. negotiations. He emphasized that zero tariffs would …

UPSC Relevance GS-2: Education – NEP 2020 Execution, Higher Education Reforms GS-3: Innovation and Skill Development – Interdisciplinary Research and Collaboration Key Points NEP’s Vision for Multidisciplinary Education The National Education Policy (NEP) seeks to transform Indian universities by fostering cross-disciplinary learning, research, and critical thinking. It promotes the establishment …

UPSC Relevance GS-1: Society – Women’s Issues, Gender Equity GS-2: Governance and Policies – Gender Budgeting, Policy Execution GS-3: Climate Change – Adaptation Strategies, Policy Integration Key Points Neglect of Gender-Climate Nexus The 2024 Beijing India Report reveals that India’s climate policies lack gender sensitivity. Despite laws like the POSH …

UPSC Relevance GS-2: International Relations – India-China Relations, China-U.S. Strategic Competition GS-3: Economy – Global Trade Conflicts, World Trade Organization (WTO), Tariff Disputes Key Points Intensifying Trade Conflict In retaliation to the Trump administration’s increase of tariffs on Chinese goods to 145%, China has imposed a 125% tariff on U.S. …

UPSC Relevance GS-3: Internal Security – Terrorism, Extradition Processes, Role of National Investigation Agency (NIA) GS-2: International Relations – India-U.S. Ties, India-Pakistan Dynamics, Legal Collaboration Key Points: Extradition Tied to 26/11 Mumbai Attacks Tahawwur Hussain Rana, a Canadian-American of Pakistani descent, was extradited from the United States and detained by …

UPSC Relevance GS-2: Polity & Governance – Governor’s Role, Separation of Powers, Constitutional Interpretation GS-2: Federalism – Centre-State Dynamics, Legislative Processes Key Points: Addressing Constitutional Silence The Supreme Court ruled that Governors must decide on Bills within 3 months, ending the practice of indefinite delays. This addresses a Constitutional gap …

UPSC Relevance GS-2: Governance – Urban Planning, Centre-State Relations GS-3: Infrastructure & Environment – Land Use, Slum Redevelopment Key Points: Land for Redevelopment The Maharashtra government approved 256 acres of salt pan land in Mulund, Kanjurmarg, and Bhandup for the Dharavi Redevelopment Project (DRP). The initiative aims to rehabilitate residents …

UPSC Relevance GS-2: Polity & International Relations – Democracy, Electoral Systems, Global Political Trends GS-4: Ethics – Democratic Values, Accountability, Political Integrity Key Points: Global Democratic Decline Closed autocracies have risen since the mid-2000s, with notable democratic backsliding in West Asia, North Africa, South Asia, and Central Europe. Liberal democracies …

GS II-Disease Researchers are exploring DNA barcoding techniques to enhance species-level identification of blackflies, the vectors responsible for spreading river blindness, with the aim of improving disease control measures. About River Blindness River blindness, medically known as onchocerciasis, is a parasitic disease triggered by the nematode Onchocerca volvulus. Mode of …

GS II-Polity The President of India has withheld assent to the Tamil Nadu Government’s Bill seeking exemption from the NEET examination. Constitutional Provisions: Presidential Role in State Legislation Governor’s Role – Article 200 When a State Legislature passes a Bill, it reaches the Governor, who has the following options: Grant …

GS II-Schemes   Context: The 7th edition of Poshan Pakhwada is being observed from April 8 to 23, 2025. About Poshan Pakhwada Poshan Pakhwada is a yearly nationwide campaign under the broader framework of Poshan Abhiyaan, dedicated to enhancing nutritional outcomes—particularly among women and children. Primary Goal: To eliminate malnutrition …

GS2 – Ministry of Finance – Government Schemes The Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY) has completed ten years since its inception, marking a significant milestone in India’s journey of financial inclusion and micro-enterprise support. Objectives of PMMY: Launched by the Ministry of Finance, the scheme is intended to provide collateral-free …

GS2 – Social Sector – Health The observance of World Health Day 2025 was recently held. Since 1950, World Health Day has been commemorated annually on April 7, aiming to raise public consciousness around key global health concerns and to promote the importance of leading a healthy life. This date …

GS2 – Social Sector – Health – Diseases Dysthymia, a prolonged variant of depression, often goes unrecognized or is misunderstood due to its subtle yet chronic nature. Definition and Nature Dysthymia, medically termed Persistent Depressive Disorder (PDD), refers to a long-lasting, milder form of depression. In adults, symptoms persist for …

GS2 – Social Sector – Education The University Grants Commission (Recognition and Grant of Equivalence to Qualifications obtained from Foreign Educational Institutions) Regulations, 2025 has been officially released. This initiative is in line with the vision of internationalising higher education as envisaged in the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020. Applicability …