GS2

GS II- Governance The Ramnath Goenka Awards emphasize the crucial role journalism plays in the evolving media landscape. Role of Journalism in Governance Dissemination of Accurate Information: Equips citizens with knowledge essential for making informed governance-related decisions. Watchdog Function: Investigative journalism exposes corruption, human rights abuses, and power misuse. Encouraging …

GS II-International Organisation Introduction The recent Council of Ministers (COM) meeting of the Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA) was held under the theme “Strengthening the Identity of the Indian Ocean.” This article provides a comprehensive overview of IORA, including its objectives, member states, and priority areas. What is the Indian …

GS II-Polity Introduction The 99th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2014 introduced the National Judicial Appointments Commission (NJAC), replacing the collegium system for appointing judges to the Supreme Court and High Courts. The NJAC Act, 2014 was passed by Parliament to establish a transparent and broad-based selection process for judicial appointments. Provisions …

GS II-Governance A series of deadly plane crashes in December 2024, including the Jeju Air disaster, have raised concerns about aviation safety, claiming numerous lives. Overview of Civil Aviation in India India’s civil aviation sector has seen rapid expansion over the past three years. It can be categorized into: Scheduled …

GS II-Governance A series of deadly plane crashes in December 2024, including the Jeju Air disaster, have raised concerns about aviation safety, claiming numerous lives. Overview of Civil Aviation in India India’s civil aviation sector has seen rapid expansion over the past three years. It can be categorized into: Scheduled …

GS2 – International Relations Context: During New Zealand PM Christopher Luxon’s first official visit to India for the Raisina Dialogue, both leaders discussed key areas of bilateral cooperation. Historical Linkages Between India and New Zealand Early Indian Settlers: The first wave of Indian migration to New Zealand began in the …

GS II-International Relations Context: The Prime Minister inaugurated the 10th edition of the Raisina Dialogue, a premier conference on geopolitics and global affairs. The 2025 theme, ‘Kalachakra – People, Peace, and Planet’, emphasizes sustainability, global stability, and human development. About the Raisina Dialogue Global Policy Forum: Launched in 2016, this …

GS II-Initiatives Context: The Delhi Police has introduced ‘Shishtachar’ squads to combat sexual harassment in public spaces, drawing inspiration from Uttar Pradesh’s ‘Anti-Romeo Squads.’ Key Features of the Initiative Team Structure: Each squad is headed by an Inspector and consists of a Sub-Inspector, five male constables, four female constables, and …

GS II-International Relations Context Ongoing trade discussions between the US and India highlight disparities in agricultural support policies, with Washington pushing for greater market access while Indian farmers contend with lower direct financial aid compared to their US counterparts. Comparison of Farm Support Systems: US vs. India US Agricultural Support …

GS II-Vulnerable section Context Recent anthropological research challenges the outdated Lokur Committee criteria (1965) for identifying Scheduled Tribes (STs), advocating for a spectrum-based classification that better reflects India’s diverse tribal identities. Existing Tribal Classification System Lokur Committee (1965) defined STs based on five criteria: Primitive Traits Distinctive Culture Geographical Isolation …

GS II-Health Context In Kerala, ASHA workers have gone on strike, demanding better honorariums and retirement benefits, bringing attention to their pivotal role in India’s healthcare system. Despite India progressing towards achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in health before 2030, the Union Cabinet has extended the NHM for an additional …

GS2 – Social Sector – Health Recent environmental mapping in Odisha has detected a significant presence of melioidosis, particularly during the monsoon season. About Melioidosis Also Known As: Whitmore’s disease Endemic Regions: Southeast Asia and Northern Australia India’s Burden: Accounts for 44% of global melioidosis cases Causative Agent & Transmission …

GS II-Health Context: Tanzania has officially declared the conclusion of its second outbreak of Marburg Virus Disease (MVD) after completing 42 days without reporting new cases, marking a significant achievement in controlling the deadly infection. Understanding Marburg Virus Disease (MVD): First Identified: 1967, in Marburg, Germany, when laboratory workers were …

GS II- Schemes Context: A recent Parliamentary Standing Committee has suggested making the Aadhaar-Based Payment System (ABPS) optional for MGNREGA workers. This comes in response to exclusion errors and delays in wage payments caused by Aadhaar-related discrepancies. Key Findings of the House Panel: Challenges with ABPS: Many eligible workers faced …

GS II-Governance Context: India is facing an escalating water crisis due to rising temperatures, with 2024 recorded as the hottest year since 1901. The intensifying heatwaves have further widened the water availability gap, leading to severe resource stress. Understanding the Water Gap: The water gap signifies the imbalance between the …

GS 2 – POLITY Context The government has introduced the Immigration and Foreigners Bill 2025 in the Lok Sabha to enhance and modernize immigration regulations. Rationale Behind the Bill Legal Streamlining: The bill seeks to eliminate redundancy by repealing four existing laws, ensuring a more coherent legal framework. Impact on …

GS2 INTERNATIONAL RELATION Background Lithuania’s Independence: Lithuania became the first nation to break away from the Soviet Union in 1991, marking the beginning of the U.S.S.R.’s disintegration. Lithuania Geographical Location: Situated in the Baltic region of Europe, Lithuania shares its borders with Latvia, Belarus, Poland, and the Baltic Sea. Baltic …

GS II- International Relations Context: Armenia and Azerbaijan have agreed to a peace treaty after nearly four decades of conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh. This marks a historic resolution in the South Caucasus region. About Nagorno-Karabakh Location: A mountainous, landlocked region in the Caucasus, situated between the Black Sea and Caspian Sea. …

GS II-International Relations Context: India has suggested establishing a South-East Asia surveillance network to strengthen multi-source collaborative surveillance for improving responses to pandemics and health emergencies. The proposal will be presented to the 11 member nations of the WHO South-East Asia Region (SEARO) later this year for discussion and potential …

GS II-Schemes The Ministry of Education has introduced PM-YUVA 3.0 (Young, Upcoming, and Versatile Authors), a scheme aimed at nurturing young writers under the age of 30. This initiative seeks to encourage reading, writing, and literary culture while also promoting Indian literature on a global scale. Key Features Objective: To …