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GS 3 – Defence Introduction Overview of BrahMos NG Development of BrahMos Next Generation (NG) missile Expected production commencement by 2027-28 First flight tests scheduled for next year Designed to enhance the capabilities of its predecessor Key Features of BrahMos NG Range: Retains an effective range of 290 km Compact …

GS 3 – Environment The Intertidal Bioblitz, a citizen science initiative, was jointly conducted by the Coastal Conservation Foundation and the East Coast Conservation Team to document biodiversity in India’s intertidal zones. A flatworm, Pseudoceros bifascia, was recorded for the first time from mainland India (Andhra Pradesh coast). About the …

GS 2 – International relation Announced during the Indian Prime Minister’s visit to Washington, this initiative seeks to strengthen collaboration in critical minerals, pharmaceuticals, advanced materials, and more. Significance of the TRUST Initiative Encourage investments in both public and private sectors to enhance manufacturing capacities and create jobs in both …

GS 3 – Science and technology The RSVC was developed under the guidance of the Office of the Principal Scientific Adviser (PSA). The center aims to integrate state-of-the-art technologies with rural requirements, improving the quality of life and empowering rural communities through sustainable solutions. The concept of RuTAGe was proposed …

GS 1 – Ancient India Context: The report Antiquity of Iron: Recent Radiometric Dates from Tamil Nadu states that iron usage in Tamil Nadu dates back to the first quarter of the 4th millennium BCE, marking the beginning of the Iron Age in the region. About Tamil Civilization: What is …

GS 2 – Polity The Vice President of India is the second-highest constitutional authority in the country Constitutional Provisions The Vice President (VP) of India is mentioned in Articles 63 to 71 of the Indian Constitution. The Vice President is the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha (Article 64). The …

GS 3 – International relation Context: India and the United States have launched the TRUST Initiative to enhance the security and resilience of supply chains in critical minerals, pharmaceuticals, and advanced materials. Understanding the TRUST Initiative What is the TRUST Initiative? The Transforming Relationship Utilizing Strategic Technology (TRUST) Initiative is …

GS 3 – Science and technology Context: Cybersecurity researchers have raised concerns about a new vulnerability in AI chatbots known as Indirect Prompt Injection attacks. Understanding Indirect Prompt Injection This attack method involves manipulating AI chatbots into executing unintended or harmful commands. It exploits the fundamental ability of large language …

GS 2 – International relation Recent Developments The leaders of the United States and India have jointly introduced the U.S.-India COMPACT initiative, aimed at strengthening bilateral ties. Overview of the US-India COMPACT Initiative The Catalyzing Opportunities for Military Partnership, Accelerated Commerce & Technology (COMPACT) initiative is designed to enhance collaboration …

GS3 – International relation Context: India, alongside Singapore and Oman, is co-hosting the 8th Indian Ocean Conference (IOC) in Muscat, where foreign ministers from 30 nations are deliberating on regional security and economic cooperation. Understanding the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) The third-largest ocean globally, spanning 70.56 million sq km, linking …

GS 3 – Science and technology Context: India is on track to become the sixth nation to develop its own Deep Sea Mission. During the initial phase of harbour trials, the submersible is expected to reach depths between 40 and 50 meters. The National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT) has …

GS 3 – GEOGRAPHY The West Bengal government has introduced the “Nodi Bandhan” scheme as part of its 2025-26 budget. This initiative aims to address natural disasters, river erosion, and unemployment by promoting river interlinking and wetland conservation. The Ghatal Masterplan, a key component of this scheme, will focus on …

GS 3 – ENVIRONMENT – SPECIES The Haryana government has recently introduced new Wildlife (Protection) Rules, allowing the shooting of male Nilgais (blue bulls) to control their population and minimize crop damage. This decision has sparked opposition from environmentalists, local communities, and the Bishnoi community, who argue that such measures …

GS 3 – SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Prime Minister Narendra Modi, accompanied by French President Emmanuel Macron, recently visited the ITER facility in France, highlighting the project’s progress, particularly the assembly of the world’s largest tokamak. ITER aims to demonstrate fusion as a viable, carbon-free energy source. What Is ITER? International …

GS 3 – AGRICULTURE NATIONWIDE CAMPAIGN FOR NATIONAL FISHERIES DIGITAL PLATFORM REGISTRATION The Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry, and Dairying has launched a nationwide campaign from February 14–22, 2025, to boost registrations on the National Fisheries Digital Platform (NFDP). This initiative, under the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Kisan Samridhi Sah-Yojana (PMMKSSY), …

GS 1 – ART AND CULTURE The Kashi Tamil Sangamam 3.0, a cultural initiative fostering ties between Tamil Nadu and Kashi, commenced on February 15, 2025, with a special train flagged off from Chennai. Coinciding with the Maha Kumbh Mela, this event celebrates the legacy of Sage Agasthyar and is …

GS 3 – SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY The KM3NeT (Cubic Kilometre Neutrino Telescope) Collaboration is making significant strides in neutrino research through deep-sea observatories in the Mediterranean Sea. These detectors aim to study neutrinos—subatomic particles that can provide crucial insights into cosmic events. A recent breakthrough involved detecting a record-breaking ultra-high-energy …

GS 3 – ENVIRONMENT The Karnataka government’s plan to establish a tribal village within the buffer zone of Brahmagiri Wildlife Sanctuary has ignited debate. While it seeks to rehabilitate over 570 displaced tribal families, concerns about human-wildlife conflict remain a significant issue. Brahmagiri Wildlife Sanctuary: An Overview Location: Western Ghats, …

GS 3 – ECONOMY The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has launched the Mutual Fund Investment Tracing and Retrieval Assistant (MITRA) platform to help investors locate and recover inactive or unclaimed mutual fund folios. Objectives of MITRA Enables investors to search for forgotten mutual fund holdings. Assists in …

GS 1- HISTORY Prime Minister Narendra Modi and French President Emmanuel Macron recently visited the Mazargues War Cemetery in Marseille to honor 900 Indian soldiers who served in World War I. This visit highlights India’s often-overlooked contributions to both World Wars. About Mazargues War Cemetery Established to honor soldiers from …