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GS 2 – International organisation   The Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is a permanent intergovernmental body established in 1960 during the Baghdad Conference. It was formed to coordinate and unify petroleum policies among member countries.   Founding Members: Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Venezuela.   Current Members: …

GS 2 – Governance   The Places of Worship Act was introduced to preserve the religious character of all places of worship as they existed on August 15, 1947. It prohibits any alterations to their status and aims to uphold their original identity. Aimed at promoting secularism, communal harmony, and upholding …

GS3 -SCIENCE & TECH  Overview of the IndiaAI Mission Key Goals: Create a thriving AI innovation ecosystem through collaborations between the public and private sectors. Set up over 10,000 Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) to strengthen AI computational infrastructure. Drive inclusive and responsible growth in the AI domain by enhancing data …

GS 3 : INTERNAL SECURITY The Foreigners (Restricted Areas) Order, 1963 is a legal framework that regulates the entry of foreign nationals into certain areas of India deemed sensitive for security or strategic reasons. These areas are categorized as Restricted Areas, and access is strictly controlled. Key Points of the …

GS 3 : INTERNAL SECURITY  The Union Home Ministry has reimposed the Protected Area Regime (PAR) in Manipur, Mizoram, and Nagaland due to growing security concerns over foreign influxes from neighboring countries. This decision highlights the government’s focus on monitoring foreign movements and ensuring security in these sensitive areas. What …

GS 3 : INTERNAL SECURITY The Inner Line Permit (ILP) system, originating from the Bengal Eastern Frontier Regulation of 1873, is a travel document required for visiting restricted areas in certain northeastern states of India. These states are Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Mizoram, and Manipur. The ILP aims to protect the …

GS 2-Polity The functioning of the Indian Parliament is governed by the Constitution of India, the Rules of Procedure, and the conventions of parliamentary practices. The procedures of summoning, adjournment, adjournment sine die, prorogation, and dissolution play a crucial role in the legislative processes.   Summoning of Parliament Summoning refers …

GS 2-Education  The concept of Eklavya Model Residential Schools (EMRS) was launched in 1997-98 with the objective of providing quality education to tribal students, particularly in remote areas, along with residential facilities. These schools are intended to offer an education comparable to the standards of Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalayas and Kendriya …

GS3: ENVIRONMENT Introduction India is home to 990 Protected Conservation Areas (PCAs) and over 1 million sacred forests. Sacred groves are culturally significant areas protected by traditional beliefs and practices. What are Sacred Groves? Found in states like Maharashtra, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, and Uttarakhand. Small forest patches that act …

GS1: Geography Introduction: The Mahanadi is a major river in East-Central India, known as the “Gift of Chhattisgarh and Odisha.” It is the sixth-largest river in India by discharge and plays a crucial role in the socio-economic development of the region. Key Facts: Source: Originates from the Sihawa hills in …

GS2: International Relations Context: Origin of the Policy: The concept was introduced by Deng Xiaoping during the 1970s. Deng envisioned using the One Country, Two Systems model to unify China and Taiwan. Taiwan, however, rejected this proposal and has continued to operate independently from mainland China, although Beijing has never …

GS 3 – Environment  New Climate Finance Goal: A major achievement at COP29 was the establishment of the New Collective Quantified Goal on Climate Finance (NCQG). This goal aims to increase climate finance for developing nations to $300 billion annually by 2035, a significant rise from the previous target of …

GS3: SCIENCE & TECH The Human Rated Launch Vehicle Mark-3 (HLVM3) is an upgraded version of ISRO’s LVM3 rocket, specifically designed to carry astronauts for the Gaganyaan mission, India’s first crewed spaceflight program. Key Features of HLVM3: Payload Capacity: Approximately 10 tonnes to Low Earth Orbit (LEO). Dimensions: 53 meters …

GS2: GOVERNANCE The Assam Accord is an agreement signed on August 15, 1985, between the Indian government, the Assam government, and the All Assam Students’ Union (AASU) to resolve the Assam Agitation, which began due to concerns about illegal immigration from Bangladesh. Key Points: Immigration Issue: People in Assam were …

GS 1 ART & CULTURE The Vaishno Devi Temple is a famous Hindu pilgrimage site located in the Trikuta Mountains in Jammu and Kashmir, dedicated to Mata Vaishno Devi, a form of the Goddess Durga. Key Points: Religious Significance: The temple is dedicated to Goddess Vaishno Devi, believed to be …

GS 3 S&T Union Minister for New and Renewable Energy, Shri Pralhad Joshi, addressed the 5th CII International Energy Conference and Exhibition (IECE) in New Delhi, emphasizing India’s progress in renewable energy and its aspiration to become the renewable energy capital of the world. Milestones and Achievements: Renewable Energy Capacity: …

GS 3 S&T Steps Taken by the Government to Promote Electric Vehicles (EVs) Adoption The Government of India has implemented several schemes and initiatives to address challenges related to the adoption of Electric Vehicles (EVs), including high upfront costs, range anxiety, and the lack of adequate charging infrastructure. Key Schemes …

GS 2: GOVERNANCE The Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) is a flagship scheme by the Government of India aimed at enhancing the fisheries sector’s growth and development. A significant focus of PMMSY is the empowerment of marginalized groups, particularly women, within this sector. Financial Assistance for Women: Subsidy Rate: …

GS 2: GOVERNANCE The Namo Drone Didi scheme is a Central Sector initiative launched by the Government of India to empower women-led Self-Help Groups (SHGs) by providing them with drone technology for agricultural services. With an allocated budget of ₹1,261 crore for the period 2023-24 to 2025-26, the scheme aims …

GS 3: S&T Unveiled by: Dr. Jitendra Singh, Union Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Science and Technology. Significance: Purpose: Protects farmers from harmful pesticide exposure, reducing risks of health issues such as breathing disorders, vision loss, and lethality. Technology: Developed by BRIC-inStem, Bangalore, in collaboration with Sepio Health Pvt. …