EPICOCCUM INDICUM: NEW FUNGAL SPECIES DISCOVERED

Prelims Bits

Discovery: Identified by researchers at Banaras Hindu University

Target Host: Found affecting Chrysopogon zizanioides (Vetiver/Khus)

Identification Process

• Morpho-cultural analysis: Key traits observed
• Molecular phylogenetic studies: Confirmed the species as distinct
• The fungus formed a separate clade from related Epicoccum species

Significance of Vetiver (Khus)

• Valued for medicinal properties: Treats pain, inflammation, and infections
• Used in traditional medicine and as an essential oil source
• Threat to vetiver cultivation underscores the need for early diagnosis and control

Leaf Spot Disease Overview

• Characterised by discoloured, necrotic spots on leaves
• Reduces plant’s photosynthesis, causing weakened growth and potential defoliation

Favourable Conditions for Disease Spread

• Prolonged wet and humid environments
• Spread through wind, rain splashes, or irrigation

Etymology and Cultural Note

• ‘Vetiver’ comes from the Tamil word meaning “root dug up”
• Known as Khus in Northern India
• Should not be confused with Khus Khus (poppy seeds)

This discovery highlights the importance of protecting medicinal plants like vetiver and improving fungal disease management in agriculture.