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Earth System Science deals with the Earth system’s five components—Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, Cryosphere, Lithosphere, and Biosphere, and their complex interactions.
• The Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES) holistically addresses all the aspects relating the Earth System Science for providing weather, climate, ocean, coastal state, hydrological and seismological services.
• The services include forecasts, warnings and detection for various natural disasters like tropical cyclones, storm surge, floods, heatwaves, thunderstorm and lightning and earthquakes etc.
• MoES is also mandated to conduct ocean survey and exploration for living and non-living resources and explore all the three poles (Arctic, Antarctic and Himalayas).
• The services provided by MoES are effectively used by various agencies and state governments for saving human lives and minimising damages due to natural disasters.
The significant milestones accomplished in 2020, under the five major schemes are highlighted below:
1. Atmospheric and Climate Research-ModellingObserving Systems and Services (ACROSS)
2. Ocean Services, Modelling, Application, Resources and Technology (O-SMART)
3. Polar and Cryosphere Research (PACER)
4. Seismology and Geoscience Research (SAGE)
5. REACHOUT
Source: https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1685411
