FLOOD SITUATION IN MAHANADI RIVER

The Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) has forecast a heavy rainfall causing the flood situation in the Mahanadi River, Odisha.
The low-pressure area is expected to form over the north Bay of Bengal and trigger heavy rainfall at a few places in Odisha and Chhattisgarh.

India Meteorological Department (IMD)

IMD was established in 1875.
It is an agency of the Ministry of Earth Sciences.
It is the principal agency responsible for meteorological observations, weather forecasting and seismology.

Mahanadi River

The Mahanadi River system is the third largest of peninsular India after Godavari and Krishna, and the largest river of Odisha state.
The catchment area of the river extends to Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Jharkhand and Maharashtra.
Its basin is bounded by the Central India hills on the north, by the Eastern Ghats on the south and east and by the Maikala rangein the west.

Source:

It rises from a place near Sihawa, near Raipur in the state of Chhattisgarh to the south of Amarkantak.
The Seonath, the Hasdeo, the Mand and the Ib joins Mahanadi from left whereas the Ong, the Tel and the Jonk joins it from right.
The Central Government constituted Mahanadi Water Disputes Tribunal in 2018.

Major Dams/Projects on Mahanadi:

Hirakud Dam This is the longest dam of India.
RavishankarSagar, Dudhawa Reservoir, Sondur Reservoir, HasdeoBango and Tandula are other major projects.
Three important urban centres in the basin are Raipur, Durg and Cuttack.
Mahanadi basin, because of its rich mineral resource and adequate power resource, has a favourable industrial climate.
Iron and Steel plant at Bhilai
Aluminium factories at Hirakud and Korba
Paper mill near Cuttack
Cement factory at Sundargarh.
Other industries based primarily on agricultural produce are sugar and textile mills.
Mining of coal, iron and manganese are other industrial activities.

SOURCE: THE HINDU,THE ECONOMIC TIMES,MINT

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