GS2 – International Relations
Context
- The Global Peace Index (GPI) 2025, released by the Institute for Economics & Peace (IEP), assesses global peace based on governance, social trust, security, and conflict levels.
- Iceland retains the top spot for the 18th consecutive year, while India ranks 115th, highlighting persistent challenges in domestic peace and security.
Key Highlights of GPI 2025
- Most Peaceful Nation: Iceland (since 2008).
- Asia’s Representative in Top 10: Singapore (rank 6).
- India’s Rank: 115th.
Top 3 Peaceful Countries
- Iceland – Lowest crime, minimal militarisation, unarmed police, strong community trust.
- Ireland – Transitioned from conflict to peace via neutral military stance, social welfare, and reduced inequality.
India’s Position & Challenges
- Rank: 115th.
- Issues lowering score:
- Regional disputes (border tensions).
- Urban crime and rising law-and-order challenges.
- Internal conflicts (ethnic, communal, and insurgency-related).
- Despite strengths: India’s cultural diversity and democratic framework, persistent security and governance gaps hinder progress.