INDIA’S CLIMATE PLEDGES TO THE PARIS AGREEMENT

Recently, a study has ranked India’s updated climate pledge to the Paris Agreement fifth in compliance and fourth in ambition.
The study was published in the scientific journal Nature Climate Change.
It included eight countries — India, the US, China, Australia, Saudi Arabia, Russia, Australia and Brazil — and the European Union.
Nearly all signatories to the Paris Agreement updated their climate commitments during the 26th session of the United Nations Conference on Climate Change (COP 26).
European Union (EU) took the lead while the United States was ranked last in compliance and second to last in ambition.
Compliance: In the compliance category, the EU took the lead which was followed by China, Australia, South Africa, India, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Brazil and the US.
In the Ambition category, the EU was followed by China, South Africa, India, Australia, Brazil, Russia, the United States and Saudi Arabia.
Nations likely to meet their climate pledges or the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) were ranked high in compliance.
The countries with bold commitments were ranked high in ambition.

Statistical Analysis:

Nations with more stable governments are more likely to have bold and highly credible pledges.
Besides, China and other non-democracies are also likely to honour their commitments.
Their administrative and political systems enable them to implement complex national policies.

Way Forward

To achieve this long-term temperature goal, countries should aim to reach global peaking of greenhouse gas emissions as soon as possible to achieve a climate-neutral world by mid-century.
There is a need for credible short-term commitments, with a clear pathway to medium-term decarbonization, that takes into account the multiple challenges states face, such as air pollution, and development might well be the more defensible choice for some.

SOURCE: THE HINDU,THE ECONOMIC TIMES,MINT

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