GS 2 – Polity
An alternative dispute resolution (ADR) mechanism in India for speedy and amicable settlement of cases.
Legal Basis:
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- Established under Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987.
- Decisions are deemed final and binding (like a civil court decree).
Jurisdiction:
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- Handles disputes pending in court or at the pre-litigation stage.
- Cannot deal with non-compoundable criminal cases.
Types of Lok Adalats:
- Permanent Lok Adalat – for public utility services (transport, postal, electricity, etc.).
- National Lok Adalat – held across India on a single day.
- Mega Lok Adalat – held in all courts of a state on one day.
- Mobile Lok Adalat – moves from place to place to settle disputes.
- Advantages:
- Free and voluntary process.
- Speedy disposal, reduces court burden.
- Promotes compromise and harmony.
- Limitations:
- Depends on mutual consent of parties.
- Limited jurisdiction (no non-compoundable criminal cases