QUEEN ELIZABETH II

Queen Elizabeth II, Britain’s longest-reigning monarch died after 70 years on the throne at the age of 96.
After the passing of Queen Elizabeth II, the reign was passed on to her eldest son Charles, the former Prince of Wales. He will henceforth be addressed as King Charles III and will be conferred with all the powers the late Queen held as Head of State in the British Constitutional Monarchy.

Queen Elizabeth II

Elizabeth Alexandra Mary, officially Elizabeth II was born on 21st April, 1926, London, England.
Elizabeth was the elder daughter of Prince Albert, duke of York, and his wife, Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon.
In 1947 Princess Elizabeth married Prince Philip at London’s Westminster Abbey.
Their first child, Prince Charles, was born in 1948. A daughter, Anne, arrived in 1950, followed by Andrew in 1960 and Edward in 1964.
She was crowned at Westminster Abbey on June 2, 1953, in front of 8,500 assembled guests.
Queen Elizabeth II is the world’s longest-serving monarch, whose reign of almost seven decades is the oldest and longest-reigning monarch in British history.
In September 2015 she surpassed her great-great-grandmother Queen Victoria, who reigned for 63 years and seven months.
In 2016, Elizabeth also became the longest-reigning monarch in the world with the death of King BhumibolAdulyadej of Thailand.
In 2022, she became the second-longest-reigning monarch in world history, behind 17th century French King Louis XIV, who took the throne at age 4.

Constitutional Monarchy

Constitutional monarchy is a system of government in which a monarch shares power with a constitutionally organized government.
The monarch may be the de facto head of state or a purely ceremonial leader.
The constitution allocates the rest of the government’s power to the legislature and judiciary.
Britain became a constitutional monarchy under the Whigs.

Roles and Powers of British Monarchy

The British Monarchy is a constitutional monarchy, because being the Sovereign Head of State, the ability to make and pass legislation resides with an elected Parliament.
The British monarch reigns but does not rule.
Other constitutional monarchies include Belgium, Cambodia, Jordan, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, and Thailand.
The monarch’s powers or role in modern-day Britain is now largely ceremonial.
The monarch “has to remain strictly neutral with respect to political matters.

Roles and Powers:

The Monarch appoints the Prime Minister who enjoys the majority support of MPs.
Once the leader of a party wins general elections, the Head of State invites them to Buckingham Palace to form the government.
The discretionary power to appoint or dismiss a Prime Minister no longer lies with the monarch.
The Monarch opens the Parliamentary year with the State Opening Ceremony, during which he/she delivers an address about the executive’s planned policies and priorities in the House of Lords.
The sovereign gives his/her Royal Assent to the bills passed in the House of Lords and Commons but that is now essentially a rubber-stamping exercise as the last time a bill denied the Royal Assent was in 1707 by Queen Anne.
The Monarch is also the head of the Commonwealth of Nations, an association which is a product of the erstwhile British empire.
It consists of 56 independent nations with a population of 2.4 billion.

SOURCE: THE HINDU,THE ECONOMIC TIMES,MINT

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