GS-2 International Relations
Context
- PM Narendra Modi attended the SCO Summit in Tianjin, China, hosted by Chinese President Xi Jinping.
- Focus: Solidarity, friendship, and high-quality development.
- SCO is now the largest regional organization, with 23 member countries and several international organizations.
Major Outcomes
- Four New Security Centres
- SCO Universal Center for Countering Security Challenges and Threats
- SCO Anti-Drug Center
- SCO Development Bank
- Plans for joint action against terrorism and organized crime.
- Cooperation in Key Sectors
- Energy: Clean and efficient energy use.
- Green Industry: Focus on sustainable growth.
- Digital Economy: Promote technology-driven development.
- Additional innovation and education centers to boost collaboration.
- India’s Role
- India (member since 2017) supports:
- Sustainable development
- Mutual cooperation
- Technology and education exchanges
- China appreciated India’s positive contributions.
India-China Bilateral Relations
- Agreed to:
- Strengthen mutual trust and cooperation in:
- Technology, education, culture, tourism, poverty reduction.
- Promote people-to-people ties through:
- Academic exchanges,
- Think tanks,
- Cross-border communication.
- Maintain border peace and respect sovereignty.
- Strengthen mutual trust and cooperation in:
75 Years of Diplomatic Ties
- Celebrated 75 years of India-China relations.
- Reaffirmed Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence (Panchsheel):
- Mutual respect, non-aggression, mutual benefit, equality, peaceful coexistence.
The Road Ahead
- India and China to work together through SCO, BRICS, and other global platforms.
- Goals:
- Promote peace and stability.
- Counter protectionism.
- Encourage sustainable development.
- Ensure fair global governance participation.