Z-Morh Tunnel

Context:
There was a recent attack on workers involved in the construction of the Z-Morh tunnel by militants in Kashmir.

• The Z-Morh tunnel connects the popular tourist destination Sonmarg with Kangan town, located in Ganderbal district, Kashmir.
• Part of the Zojila Tunnel Project: The Z-Morh tunnel is part of a larger infrastructure project aimed at ensuring all-weather connectivity between Srinagar and Ladakh. Originally planned by the Border Roads Organisation in 2012, it is critical for year-round access to the region.
• Location and Name: The tunnel derives its name from the Z-shaped stretch of road where it is being constructed, at an altitude of over 8,500 feet. This area is often cut off during the winter months due to heavy snowfall and frequent avalanches.

Strategic Importance of the Z-Morh Tunnel

• Faster Military Access: It will facilitate quicker movement of military personnel to the border regions in Ladakh, enhancing India’s defense readiness.
• Improved Connectivity: The tunnel ensures a safer and more reliable connection between Srinagar, Dras, Kargil, and Leh, which are vital regions in the northern part of India.
• Reduced Air Dependency: With the Z-Morh tunnel operational, the reliance on air transport by the Indian Army for maintaining forward locations in Ladakh will decrease, cutting down on air transport costs and dependence on Indian Air Force aircraft.