CLUSTERED REGULARLY INTERSPACED SHORT PALINDROMIC REPEATS

The proposal for Indian regulators to consider a new gene editing technique has been pending with the Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee for almost two years.
Genome editing (also called gene editing) is a group of technologies that give scientists the ability to change an organism’s Deoxy-Ribonucleic Acid (DNA).
These technologies allow genetic material to be added, removed, or altered at particular locations in the genome.

Important points:

The Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) has now moved to newer technologies such as Site Directed Nuclease (SDN) 1 and 2.
New technique aims to bring precision and efficiency into the breeding process using gene editing tools such as CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats), whose developers won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 2020.
SDN genome editing involves the use of different DNA-cutting enzymes (nucleases) that are directed to cut the DNA at a predetermined location by a range of different DNA binding systems.
After the cut is made, the cell’s own DNA repair mechanism recognizes the break and repairs the damage, using one of two pathways that are naturally present in cells.
It involves the use of gene editing tools to directly tweak (improve\change) the plant’s own genes instead.
It would allow plants to be genetically modified without the need for conventional transgenic technology.

SOURCE: THE HINDU,THE ECONOMIC TIMES,MINT

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