Air Independent Propulsion (AIP) System

GS 3 – Defence

Context:
The Ministry of Defence (MoD) has signed a contract with Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL) for the installation of air-independent propulsion (AIP) plugs. These will integrate the DRDO-developed AIP system into India’s Kalvari class submarines.

Air Independent Propulsion (AIP) System

Air Independent Propulsion (AIP) is a propulsion technology that allows a non-nuclear submarine to operate without surfacing for oxygen. This capability enables submarines to remain submerged for longer periods, typically two to three weeks at a time, without needing to surface for air.

Scorpene Class Submarines:

The Scorpene class submarines are a series of diesel-electric attack submarines designed for a variety of missions, including:

• Anti-surface and anti-submarine warfare
• Long-range strikes
• Intelligence gathering

Key Features:

• Diesel-electric propulsion system: Traditional propulsion system used in these submarines.
• AIP System: The addition of AIP technology allows these submarines to stay submerged for extended periods without needing to surface.

The Indian Navy has commissioned six Scorpene-class submarines under Project 75. Some of the names include:

• INS Kalvari
• INS Khanderi
• INS Karanj
• INS Vela
• INS Vagir
• INS Vaghsheer is also set for commissioning soon.

Significance of AIP Technology:

• Enhanced Stealth: Submarines equipped with AIP technology are more difficult to detect, increasing their effectiveness in defense operations.
• Increased Operational Time: By eliminating the need to surface frequently for oxygen, AIP enhances the submarines’ operational endurance, making them more versatile and efficient in prolonged missions.