INTERNAL SECURITY

Context: India recently activated its integrated air defence systems in response to aerial threats from Pakistan, showcasing its multi-layered capability to neutralize diverse aerial attacks. Raksha Kavach Developer: DRDO Type: Indigenous multi-layered air defence platform Features: Combines ballistic, electronic, and blast protection Integrated with satellite surveillance, drones, laser weapons Uses …

 GS 3 – INTERNAL SECURITY   Context (UNODC): The 2025 UNODC report titled “Inflection Point: Global Implications of Scam Centres, Underground Banking, and Illicit Online Marketplaces in Southeast Asia” highlights the escalating threat posed by transnational organised crime (TOC) in East and Southeast Asia. The United Nations Office on Drugs …

UPSC Relevance GS-3: Security (cybercrime, financial crimes) GS-2: Governance (PMLA, institutional frameworks) Key Points The Union Ministry of Finance included I4C under Section 66 of the Prevention of Money Laundering Act (PMLA), 2002, enabling information sharing with the Enforcement Directorate and other agencies. Detailed Insights Established in 2020 under the …

GS3 – Internal Security Context: A recent terrorist assault occurred in the Baisaran Valley near Pahalgam, Jammu & Kashmir. The Resistance Front (TRF), a Pakistan-backed militant group, has claimed responsibility. TRF emerged in 2019 as a front for the banned terrorist group Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT), which is proscribed under India’s Unlawful …

UPSC Relevance GS-3: Internal Security – Drug smuggling, maritime security GS-2: Governance – Roles of state and central agencies in law enforcement GS-3: Economy – Societal impact of illegal drug trade Key Highlights Major Drug Seizure A joint operation by the Gujarat Anti-Terrorist Squad (ATS) and Indian Coast Guard (ICG) …

GS3 – Internal Security – Government Initiatives The Union Cabinet has sanctioned the second phase of the Vibrant Villages Programme (VVP-II), to be implemented over the period 2024–25 to 2028–29. Salient Features VVP-II builds upon the groundwork laid in VVP-I, extending its coverage and scope with a continued focus on …

GS III-SECURITY Introduction The All Parties Hurriyat Conference (APHC), commonly known as Hurriyat, is a political alliance of separatist organizations in Jammu and Kashmir. Since its formation in 1993, it has played a key role in the separatist movement, advocating for self-determination and challenging India’s sovereignty over Kashmir. Over the …

GS III-CYBER SECURITY What is the SAHYOG portal? SAHYOG is a centralized digital platform developed by the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) under the Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C). Its primary function is to facilitate seamless data access for law enforcement agencies (LEAs) and to streamline the removal of …

GS III-Security Context: National Security Advisor (NSA) Ajit Doval recently hosted a high-level intelligence meeting with representatives from the Five Eyes alliance. Origins & Formation World War II Beginnings: Originated with the BRUSA Agreement (1943), a secret pact between the U.S. War Department and the UK Government Code & Cypher …

GS3 – Internal Security A ceremonial land transfer between Assam Rifles and the Mizoram government marked the relocation of the paramilitary force from central Aizawl to Zokhawsang. Background: Demand for Relocation Historical Presence: Assam Rifles has been stationed in Mizoram since the 1890s. Call for Relocation: The demand to shift …

GS3 – Internal Security The Pratibimb module, launched by the Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C), is enhancing cybercrime investigations through advanced tracking and monitoring mechanisms. Key Features of Pratibimb Module GIS-Based Tracking System: Utilizes Geographic Information System (GIS) technology to monitor cybercriminals in real time. Crime Infrastructure Mapping: Offers …

GS III-Security Context: Indian scientists have developed a nanoparticle-based security ink to enhance anti-counterfeiting measures. What is Security Printing? Used to prevent forgery in critical documents like banknotes, passports, and cheques. Features: Human-Detectable: Watermarks, holograms, optically variable ink. Machine-Detectable: RFID chips, digital watermarks, security threads. Role of Nanoparticles in Security …

Subject: GS-2: International Relations & Defense Ties – India’s Arms Imports, Global Defense Collaborations GS-3: Security & Defense Tech – Domestic Arms Production, Self-Reliance Goals Key Points India’s Global Arms Import Ranking India ranked as the second-largest arms importer from 2020-24, behind Ukraine, which saw imports soar 100-fold due to …

Subject: GS-2: Governance & Federalism – President’s Rule, Law Enforcement, Centre-State Roles GS-3: Internal Security & Conflict Management – Ethnic Disputes, Insurgency, Militant Groups Key Points President’s Rule and Actions The BJP-led Manipur government was dissolved, with President’s Rule enacted to stabilize the region. Replacing N. Biren Singh has proven …

Subjects: GS-2: International Relations: Middle East Tensions, Syrian Instability GS-3: Internal Security: Ethnic Conflicts, Civil Unrest Key Points Sectarian Clashes Over 1,000 deaths occurred in two days along Syria’s Mediterranean coast. Violence pitted new Islamist leaders against fighters loyal to ousted President Bashar al-Assad’s Alawite sect. Interim President Muhammad al-Jolani …

Subjects: GS-2: International Relations: India-Mauritius Ties, Strategic Collaboration GS-3: Security & Economy: Maritime Safety, Trade Growth Key Points Deepening Diplomatic Ties PM Narendra Modi’s visit (March 11-12, 2025) underscores the enduring political and cultural connection with Mauritius. He will attend Mauritius’ Independence Day as the guest of honor. Political Context …

SUBJECT: GS-3: Security (Defence Modernisation, Indigenisation of Defence Production) GS-2: International Relations (India-Russia Defence Ties) Key Highlights Overview of the Deal India’s Ministry of Defence signed a $248 million contract with Russia’s Rosoboronexport for 1,000 HP engines for T-72 tanks. Includes transfer of technology (ToT) to Indian manufacturers. Aligned with …

GS-2: International Relations (Russia-Ukraine War, Diplomacy, Geopolitical Developments) GS-3: Security Issues (Drone & Missile Strikes, Energy Security) Key Highlights Escalation of Conflict: Russia launched 58 missiles and nearly 200 drones targeting Ukraine’s energy infrastructure. Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy called for a mutual halt to aerial attacks as a first step …

GS3 INTERNAL SECURITY:  The UN Secretary-General has cautioned that nuclear weapons lead to a “one-way road to annihilation,” a statement made as the Doomsday Clock moved one second closer to midnight last month. Introduced in 1947 by the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, the Doomsday Clock symbolizes humanity’s proximity to …

GS3 INTERNAL SECURITY:  Overview India recently finalized a defense agreement with Russia to acquire advanced anti-ship cruise missiles, strengthening the Indian Navy’s submarine operational capabilities. Although specific details such as cost and quantity remain undisclosed, sources confirm the deal involves the Klub-S missile system, part of the Kalibr missile family. …