GS

GS II – Polity The Finance Bill is a crucial legislative proposal that outlines the government’s taxation and financial policies for the upcoming fiscal year. It is introduced annually in Lok Sabha as part of the Union Budget and includes all necessary legal amendments required for implementing tax proposals. Key …

GS II-Organisation National Organ and Tissue Transplant Organisation (NOTTO) is a national-level body under the Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India. It serves as the apex organization for implementing the National Organ Transplant Program (NOTP) and oversees activities as per the Transplantation …

GS II-Health In a determined effort to eradicate tuberculosis (TB) in India, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare is preparing to roll out a 100-day campaign aimed at TB elimination. About the Initiative   This campaign will be implemented across 33 States and Union Territories to strengthen TB detection, minimize …

GS III-Science & Technology Context : ISRO actively engages students across India through educational programs to foster awareness and interest in space science. YUVIKA – Young Scientist Programme Objective: Provides basic knowledge of space science, technology, and applications to young students. Aims to “Catch them young” and encourage STEM careers. …

GS III- Infrastructure Context: North India’s first nuclear power project is being developed in Gorakhpur, Haryana by the Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited (NPCIL). About Gorakhpur Nuclear Power Plant Location: Gorakhpur village, Fatehabad district, Haryana. Developer: NPCIL (Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited). Foundation Stone: Laid in 2014 by …

GS III- Industry & Economy Acquisitions Google’s $32 billion acquisition of cybersecurity firm Wiz includes a $3 billion+ breakup fee—one of the highest ever—raising concerns about its impact on M&A (Mergers and Acquisitions) deals. What is a Breakup Fee? A breakup fee is a penalty paid when an M&A deal …

GS 1 – Environment Context: A recent study suggests that iguanas colonized Fiji by surviving an 8,000-kilometer oceanic journey—the longest known migration of any land-dwelling vertebrate. About Iguanas Iguanas are terrestrial reptiles, yet they are found on distant Pacific islands such as Fiji, Tonga, and the Galápagos, raising the question: …

GS II- Polity Alimony in India is determined based on multiple legal provisions and varies depending on factors like financial status, lifestyle, and child custody. It is a financial obligation where one spouse provides support to the other post-divorce or separation, ensuring economic stability for the dependent partner. Legal Framework …

GS II- Polity Context: The assisted suicide of Nobel laureate Daniel Kahneman in 2024 in Switzerland has rekindled global ethical discussions on the issue of assisted dying. Daniel Kahneman’s Contributions Influence on Behavioral Economics: Integrated psychology into economic theories, transforming decision-making analysis. Key Theoretical Contributions: Loss Aversion: Individuals tend to …

GS II- Initiatives Context (PIB): The Union Cabinet has given its approval to the revised framework of the National Program for Dairy Development (NPDD). Overview of the Revised NPDD About NPDD: Originally launched in 2014 as a Central Sector Scheme, the initiative aims to strengthen and modernize India’s dairy sector. …

GS II- International Relations The United States recently launched over 40 precision strikes against Houthi positions in Yemen. Reasons Behind US Military Action Against the Houthis Disruptions in the Red Sea: Since December 2023, Houthi attacks have severely impacted maritime trade, forcing shipping routes to bypass Africa, escalating insurance costs. …

GS II- International Relations Context: Switzerland’s Golden Visa program is among the most desirable residency-by-investment schemes globally. Overview of the Swiss Golden Visa Program Eligibility Requirements: Open to non-EU nationals aged 18-55 who possess a clean legal record, stable financial status, health insurance, and either rented or owned accommodation in …

GS II- Governance The Ramnath Goenka Awards emphasize the crucial role journalism plays in the evolving media landscape. Role of Journalism in Governance Dissemination of Accurate Information: Equips citizens with knowledge essential for making informed governance-related decisions. Watchdog Function: Investigative journalism exposes corruption, human rights abuses, and power misuse. Encouraging …

GS II-International Organisation Introduction The recent Council of Ministers (COM) meeting of the Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA) was held under the theme “Strengthening the Identity of the Indian Ocean.” This article provides a comprehensive overview of IORA, including its objectives, member states, and priority areas. What is the Indian …

GS II-Polity Introduction The 99th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2014 introduced the National Judicial Appointments Commission (NJAC), replacing the collegium system for appointing judges to the Supreme Court and High Courts. The NJAC Act, 2014 was passed by Parliament to establish a transparent and broad-based selection process for judicial appointments. Provisions …

GS III-Economy Currency depreciation refers to a decline in the worth of a currency within a floating exchange rate system. When the rupee depreciates, it signifies that its value has dropped relative to the US dollar, making it weaker than before. Factors Influencing Depreciation High Inflation Rate A country with …

GS II-Governance A series of deadly plane crashes in December 2024, including the Jeju Air disaster, have raised concerns about aviation safety, claiming numerous lives. Overview of Civil Aviation in India India’s civil aviation sector has seen rapid expansion over the past three years. It can be categorized into: Scheduled …

GS III-Science and Technology A web browser is an application software designed to explore the World Wide Web (WWW). It acts as an interface between the client and the server, requesting web documents and services from the server. The browser functions as a compiler, rendering HTML, the language used to …

GS II-Governance A series of deadly plane crashes in December 2024, including the Jeju Air disaster, have raised concerns about aviation safety, claiming numerous lives. Overview of Civil Aviation in India India’s civil aviation sector has seen rapid expansion over the past three years. It can be categorized into: Scheduled …

GS3 – Environment Context: Supreme Court (SC) Order: Directed the removal of ‘Seven Wonders’ replicas from Ana Sagar Lake to balance tourism with environmental conservation. Why? Part of Ana Sagar Lake is a designated wetland, requiring protection under environmental laws. About Ana Sagar Lake Type: Artificial Lake Location: Ajmer, Rajasthan …