GS

GS 3 – Economy The WPI measures the average change in the price of goods at the wholesale level, i.e., before they reach the retail market. Scope: It tracks changes in the prices of goods traded in bulk, typically between businesses rather than between consumers.   Components of WPI Categories: …

GS 3 – SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY – SPACE The Indian National Space Promotion and Authorization Centre (IN-SPACe) announced the successful deployment of 10 hosted payloads by Non-Governmental Entities (NGEs) on the POEM-4 module during ISRO’s PSLV-C60/SpaDeX mission. This achievement highlights a growing private sector role in India’s space exploration. What …

GS 3 – ENVIRONMENT The 29th Conference of the Parties (COP29) concluded in Baku, Azerbaijan, with significant outcomes, including the adoption of the Baku Climate Unity Pact. About the Conference of the Parties (COP) Supreme Decision-Making Body: COP is the primary decision-making platform under the United Nations Framework Convention on …

GS 3 – AGRICULTURE The Restructured Weather-Based Crop Insurance Scheme (RWBCIS) is an innovative crop insurance initiative introduced by the Government of India to protect farmers from weather-related risks. It is part of India’s larger strategy for agricultural risk management and complements other insurance schemes like the Pradhan Mantri Fasal …

GS3 – DISASTER MANAGEMENT The recent designation of the Wayanad landslides as a disaster of “severe nature” highlights the gravity of the situation and triggers enhanced governmental response. This decision follows widespread criticism over insufficient financial support for victims. The catastrophic event, which occurred on July 30, resulted in over …

GS3 – ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has published its Financial Stability Report (FSR) for December 2024, offering insights into the health, risks, and resilience of India’s financial sector. What is the Financial Stability Report (FSR)? Frequency: Released biannually (June and December). Purpose: Evaluates risks to the …

GS 2 – POLITY A Private Member Bill is a legislative proposal introduced in Parliament by a member who is not a minister. It reflects individual or opposition viewpoints rather than the official policies of the ruling government. Types of Bills in Parliament Public Bill: Introduced by a minister; reflects …

GS 1 – INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT The All-India Muslim League (AIML), established 118 years ago, was founded in 1906 in Dhaka (now in Bangladesh). Its creation was influenced by the British government’s divide-and-rule strategy, which encouraged aristocratic Muslim leaders to form a political body to protect Muslim interests. Prominent leaders …

MAINS – GS3 – ENVIRONMENT The United Nations has issued a stark warning about the intensifying climate crisis, marked by unprecedented weather extremes and alarming greenhouse gas emissions. Global leaders are being urged to take swift action to mitigate the escalating environmental disaster. Key Highlights of the Report Extreme Weather …

MAINS – GS2 – GOVERNANCE  Recent findings from IIM Bangalore, as part of the SAAR (Sameeksha) initiative, emphasize the significant advancements made under India’s Smart Cities Mission in education, urban safety, and overall urban development. Key Highlights: Enhancements in Education Smart Classrooms: 71 cities implemented 9,433 smart classrooms in 2,398 …

GS 2 – INTERNATIONAL RELATION The Carter Doctrine is a significant U.S. foreign policy statement announced by President Jimmy Carter during his State of the Union Address on January 23, 1980. It declared that the United States would use military force if necessary to protect its national interests in the …

MAINS – GS3 – ENVIRONMENT Pacific Marine Heatwave and its Impact: The 2014-2016 Pacific marine heatwave wiped out approximately four million seabirds in Alaska, highlighting the severe ecological consequences of climate change on marine life. Intergovernmental Report on Biodiversity Loss: The report, known as the Assessment Report on the Underlying …

GS 3 – SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Why in News? ISRO is set to launch the Space Docking Experiment (SpaDeX) mission, a significant milestone in India’s space exploration efforts. This mission will demonstrate satellite docking technology, essential for future space missions. SpaDeX is a technology demonstrator mission developed by ISRO to …

GS 3 – SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY A TPAP is an entity that offers UPI-compliant applications to end-users for facilitating payment transactions via the Unified Payments Interface (UPI). These applications include mobile wallets, merchant platforms, or other services that utilize UPI for payments. The UPI platform is owned and operated by …

GS 2 – INTERNATIONAL RELATION The Camp David Accords were a pair of political agreements signed on 17 September 1978 by Egyptian President Anwar Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin, following twelve days of secret negotiations at Camp David, the U.S. presidential retreat in Maryland. The agreements were witnessed …

GS 2 – GOVERNANCE The Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940 regulates the import, production, sale, and distribution of drugs and cosmetics in India through licenses and permits. Purpose: The Act ensures that drugs and cosmetics in India are safe, effective, and meet national standards. Associated Rules (1945): The Drugs and …

GS 3-Space  Why in News? Recently, a Hyderabad-based private company handed over two 400 kg class satellites to ISRO. These satellites will participate in the Space Docking Experiment (SPADEX) scheduled for late 2024. About Space Docking Space docking refers to the precise connection of two spacecraft, whether manned or unmanned, …

GS 3-Infrastructure The Upper Siang Multipurpose Storage Project is a proposed 11,000 MW hydropower project on the Siang River in Arunachal Pradesh, developed by the National Hydroelectric Power Corporation (NHPC). It will be India’s largest hydropower project upon completion. The project is aimed at countering China’s plans to divert the …

GS 2-Schemes Objective Provide internship opportunities to address youth unemployment and equip young people with practical skills in a real-world environment. Key Features Internship Opportunities: Aims to provide internships to 1 crore youth over the next five years. Stipend: Monthly stipend of ₹4,500 from the government. Additional ₹500 from companies …

GS 3-Conservation Location: Mayurbhanj district, Odisha, India. Establishment: Declared a tiger reserve in 1973 under Project Tiger and a biosphere reserve in 1994. Area: Spans approximately 2,750 sq. km, with a core area of 1,194.75 sq. km and a buffer area of 1,255.25 sq. km. UNESCO Recognition: Part of the …