GS3 – Environment & Ecology
Context
The Union Environment Ministry approved the translocation of eight tigers from Tadoba-Andhari and Pench Tiger Reserves to the Sahyadri Tiger Reserve (STR) in Maharashtra to revive tiger populations in the northern Western Ghats.
Key Highlights
- Approval: Granted to the Maharashtra Chief Wildlife Warden with conditions for veterinary care and minimal trauma.
- Initial Translocation: Two tigresses from Tadoba Tiger Reserve by December 2025.
- Sahyadri Tiger Reserve:
- Area: 1,165 sq km.
- Formed in 2010 by merging Chandoli National Park and Koyna Wildlife Sanctuary.
Detailed Insights
- Objective: Establish a breeding tiger population in northern Western Ghats, where natural colonization has not occurred despite rich vegetation.
- Wildlife Institute of India (WII): Positive appraisal of preparations to host translocated tigers.
- Soft Release: Translocated tigers will initially stay in temporary enclosures, with prey augmentation to support adaptation.
- Carrying Capacity: Studies suggest STR can host over 20 tigers, with three male tigers already recorded.
- NTCA Recommendation: Approved in October 2023 as part of the second phase of the tiger recovery plan.
- Ecological Importance:
- Protects forests and watersheds.
- Maintains habitat connectivity in the Western Ghats.
- STR is a catchment for Koyna and Warna rivers, supporting livelihoods in surrounding districts.