DECLINING POPULATION OF THE KORAGA TRIBE IN INDIA

GS1 – SOCIETY

The Koraga tribe, a Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group (PVTG), is witnessing a population decline from 20,000 two decades ago to approximately 16,000 today, with projections indicating further drops to around 12,000.

Challenges Faced

• Health and Demographics:
  • Falling birth rates and high infant mortality.
  • Widespread malnutrition and limited access to healthcare and education.
• Social Marginalization:
  • Endures untouchability despite constitutional safeguards.
  • Practices like ajalu highlight systemic discrimination.

Government Efforts

• Kerala Initiatives:
  • Provision of nutritious food for tribal households.
  • In 2024, 530 Koraga families received land in Kasaragod district.
• Advocacy Needs:
  • Calls for compensation for historical injustices and stricter enforcement of pro-tribal laws.

Culture and Livelihood

• Economic Activities:
  • Reliance on agriculture, forest produce, and traditional crafts like basket-making.
• Cultural Practices:
  • Rich heritage includes matrilineal family structures and clan systems (bali).
  • Rituals, drumming, and folk dances are central to their identity.

Religious Beliefs

• Koragas follow Hinduism with distinct tribal practices.
• Worship spirits (Bhutas) and perform rituals involving drum-beating to ward off evil spirits.

Despite government interventions, sustained efforts are needed to protect the Koragas’ rights, improve living conditions, and preserve their cultural heritage.