Chinmaya IAS Academy – Current Affairs Chinmaya IAS Academy – Current Affairs
GS-1
5.SEMERU VOLCANO OF INDONESIA
Recently, Semeru volcano erupted in Indonesia’s East Java province. Other volcanoes, such as the Merapi volcano (Java) and Sinabung volcano (Sumatra), also erupted recently.
SEMERU VOLCANO:
- Semeru – also k nown as “The Great Mountain” – is the highest volcano in Java and one of the most active.
- It previously erupted in December, 2019.
- Indonesia, with the maximum number of active volcanoes in the world, is prone to seismic upheavaldue to its location on the Pacific’s Ring of Fire.
- Semeru volcano is also the part of the Island arcsformed by the subduction of the Indo-Australian platebelow Sunda Plate(part of Eurasian Plate). The trench formed here is called Sunda trench whose major section is the Java Trench.
PACIFIC RING OF FIRE:
- The Ring of Fire, also referred to as the Circum-Pacific Belt,is a path alongthe Pacific Ocean characterized by active volcanoes and frequentearthquakes.
- It traces boundaries between several tectonic plates—including the Pacific, Cocos, Indian-Australian, Nazca, North American, and Philippine Plates.
ISLAND ARCS:
- They are long, curved chains of oceanic islandsassociated with intense volcanic and seismic activity and orogenic(mountain-building) processes.
- An island arc typically has a land mass or a partially enclosed, unusually shallow seaon its concave side.
- Along the convex side there almost invariably exists a long, narrow deepseatrench.
- The greatest ocean depths are found in these depressions of the seafloor, as in the case of the Mariana (deepest trench in the world) and Tongatrenches.
- Prime examples of this form of geologic feature include the Aleutian-Alaska Arc and the Kuril-Kamchatka Arc.
SOURCE: DTE
