Major crops cropping patterns in various parts of the country

ChinmayaIAS Academy - Current Affairs February 6, 2021 GS, GS3 Leave a comment 381 Views

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RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (R&D) IN AGRICULTURE SECTOR

Government of India supports R&D efforts towards developing and promoting remunerative farming systems in the country.
Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) under All India Coordinated Research Project on Integrated Farming Systems (IFS) has developed 63 farming systems with the participation of farmers in 18 States.
The IFS models developed by Agricultural Research System offer scope for better and sustainable use of natural resources including soil and water, higher profit and employment besides contributing towards household food and nutritional security.
Complementary technologies such as bio-intensive cropping systems, multi-storied cropping and land configuration-based farming systems with location specific components help to make small land holdings more viable.
Most of the IFS models have the demonstrated potential of increasing the farmers income by 2-3 times or more and have been included in State Plans by Government of Bihar, Karnataka, Kerala, Jammu & Kashmir and Tamil Nadu for up-scaling.
Thirty-one bankable projects suitable for 22 states have also been prepared by ICAR for supporting through medium and short-term credit for scaling up through schemes of States and Central Government.

The steps taken during the last 3 years are as follows.

Eighteen IFS models, 14 bankable projects on IFS and organic farming packages for 22 cropping systems were developed during last 3 years. Prototypes of different region-specific IFS models have been established at several Agricultural Universities and ICAR institutes for training and capacity building of extension agencies besides demonstrating business model to attract rural youth.
ICAR has developed 765 field crop varieties of which 578 varieties are climate resilient, 98 drought/moisture stress tolerant; 41 short duration varieties and 47 biofortified varieties suitable for development of alternative and remunerative cropping system during last 3 years.
Through the countrywide network of 722 KrishiVigyanKendras (KVKs), 43.39 lakh farmers were trained on new technologies including resource conservation technologies. KVKs also executed 7.02 lakh frontline demonstrations on various crops, livestock, fish and other enterprises and organized 27.94 lakh extension activities for the benefit of 470.83 lakh farmers during the period.

The public spending on agricultural research and education of agricultural gross value added (GVA) in the country for the years 2015-16 to 2017-18 was about 0.62% at current prices.