NAKSHA Initiative

GS 3 ECONOMY

Context:

The Union Ministry of Rural Development has introduced the National Geospatial Knowledge-based Land Survey of Urban Habitations (NAKSHA) initiative.

What is NAKSHA?

NAKSHA is a pilot city survey initiative under the Digital India Land Records Modernization Programme (DILRMP). It combines aerial and field surveys with GIS technology to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of land mapping.

• Objective: To create and update urban land records, ensuring precise documentation of land ownership within a year.
• Coverage: The initiative spans 152 urban local bodies across 26 states.
• Technical Partner: Survey of India
  • Web-GIS Platform: Developed by Madhya Pradesh State Electronic Development Corporation.
  • Data Storage: Managed by National Informatics Centre Services Inc.
• Funding: Fully centrally funded with an estimated budget of ₹194 crore.

Significance:

• Minimizing Land Disputes: Digitized land records will reduce property conflicts and enhance legal transparency.
• Supporting Urban Planning: Unlike rural areas, many Indian cities lack structured land records. Accurate data will facilitate better infrastructure and land-use planning.
• Strengthening Revenue Collection: Digital property records will streamline tax collection, boosting the financial health of urban local bodies.
• Enhancing Credit Access: Properly documented land ownership will simplify loan approvals from financial institutions.
• Promoting Transparency and Efficiency: IT-based governance will simplify property transactions and contribute to sustainable urban development.

Digital India Land Records Modernization Programme (DILRMP)

• Origin: Originally launched as the National Land Record Modernization Programme, it was revamped in 2016 as a Central Sector Scheme with 100% central funding.
• Duration: Extended from 2021-22 to 2025-26.
• Objective: To establish a modern, transparent, and comprehensive land records management system.
• Aim: Developing an Integrated Land Information Management System (ILIMS).
• Achievement: 95.08% of Record of Rights (RoR) have been digitized.

Key Initiatives under DILRMP:

1. Unique Land Parcel Identification Number (Bhu-Aadhar): A 14-digit identification number assigned to each land parcel based on longitude and latitude coordinates.
2. National Generic Document Registration System (NGDRS) / E-Registration: A uniform digital platform for registering deeds and documents nationwide.
3. BHOOMI SAMMAN: Awards for top-performing states, UTs, and districts based on their progress in land record digitization and integration.