OYSTERS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE

GS3 SCIENCE & TECH

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global health threat, causing millions of deaths each year. Researchers are investigating innovative solutions, such as oyster-derived antimicrobial proteins, to improve existing antibiotics and fight resistant bacterial strains.

AMR Overview

• AMR results in nearly five million deaths annually, with projections showing a 70% rise by 2050, potentially reaching 40 million.
• Common infections like pneumonia and skin infections are worsened by resistant bacteria, making treatment more complex.

Biofilm Formation and Its Challenges

• Biofilms are bacterial clusters that form protective layers, making them resistant to antibiotics and immune responses. These structures complicate the treatment of many infections.

Oysters as Antimicrobial Sources

• Oysters have evolved strong immune systems and produce antimicrobial proteins in their hemolymph. These proteins target various harmful pathogens.
• Oyster extracts have long been used in traditional medicine to treat infections.

Research Insights

• Studies show that proteins from Sydney rock oysters effectively combat Streptococcus bacteria and prevent biofilm formation. They enhance antibiotic effectiveness by up to 32 times without damaging healthy human cells.

Future Prospects

• Oyster-derived proteins hold great promise for new antimicrobial therapies. Further research, including animal studies and clinical trials, is needed to fully explore their potential. Collaboration between the pharmaceutical and aquaculture industries could accelerate sustainable development.