Vitamin B12: Importance, Sources, and Absorption

PRELIMS BITS – HEALTH

Context:

Doctors suggest that Vitamin B12 strips are more effective than tablets due to direct absorption into the bloodstream.

What is Vitamin B12?

• Also Known As: Cobalamin, due to the presence of cobalt.
• Nature: Water-soluble vitamin, part of the B-complex group.
• Storage in Body: Unlike most water-soluble vitamins, it is stored in the liver and used over time.

Sources of Vitamin B12

Natural Sources:

• Animal-based foods: Poultry, meat, fish, dairy products.
• Fortified Foods: Some breakfast cereals and plant-based milk alternatives.
• Supplements: Available as oral tablets, injections, and dissolvable strips.

Vegetarian and Vegan Risk:

• Plant-based foods do not naturally contain Vitamin B12.
• Vegetarians and vegans are more susceptible to B12 deficiency.

Functions and Significance

Vitamin B12 is essential for:

• Red Blood Cell Formation – Prevents anaemia.
• Cell Metabolism – Helps convert food into energy.
• Nerve Function – Maintains the nervous system.
• DNA Production – Supports genetic material synthesis.
• Energy Levels – Prevents fatigue and weakness.

Vitamin B12 Deficiency: Risks and Symptoms

Common Deficiency Symptoms:

• Anaemia – Low red blood cell count.
• Fatigue & Muscle Weakness – Due to poor oxygen transport.
• Digestive Issues – Intestinal problems and appetite loss.
• Neurological Effects – Nerve damage, tingling, and numbness.
• Mood Disorders – Can lead to depression and cognitive issues.