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New archaeological research from Southeast Asia has uncovered evidence of intentional mummification dating back nearly 14,000 years. This discovery significantly rewrites the timeline of human mortuary practices and spiritual rituals.
Older Than Chinchorro Mummies
- Previously, the Chinchorro mummies of Chile (9,000 years old) were believed to be the oldest known artificially mummified bodies.
- The new findings push this record back by 5,000 years, revealing much earlier intentional body preservation efforts.
Findings from Pre-Neolithic Burial Sites
- The study examined burials from 11 archaeological sites across Southeast Asia.
- These pre-farming burials (dated 12,000–4,000 years ago) show evidence of deliberate attempts to preserve bodies.
- Bodies were found in crouched or squatting postures, reflecting ritualistic burial methods.
Scientific Analysis Confirms Mummification
Researchers used advanced techniques to examine the skeletal remains:
| Technique Used | Purpose |
| X-ray Diffraction | To study bone structure |
| Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) | To detect organic residues |
| Radiocarbon Dating | To determine the age of remains |
- Bones showed high levels of crystallinity caused by exposure to controlled heating.
- Temperatures used during preservation processes reached up to 525°C, suggesting intentional drying and smoking of bodies.
- Burn marks were observed on specific areas like the forehead, elbows, and knees, indicating a ritualised method rather than accidental fire damage.
Significance of the Discovery
- Demonstrates that symbolic rituals and ancestor worship existed long before organised agriculture.
- Reveals advanced mortuary knowledge and technical skills among early human communities.
- Highlights spiritual beliefs and deep social bonds linked to care for the dead.