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GS III-AGRICULTURE Background & Context The PM-KISAN scheme, operational since December 1, 2018, is aimed at providing financial assistance to small and marginal farmers. Recently, concerns over alleged corruption in its implementation have been raised, particularly by the Tamil Nadu Cauvery Farmers’ Protection Association. The Government of India (GOI) reinstated …

GS II-EDUCATION Why in News? Announced by PM Modi on Teachers’ Day (Sept 5, 2022) to transform 14,500 schools into model institutions aligned with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020. What is the PM SHRI Scheme? Objective: To empower students with 21st-century skills and provide high-quality, inclusive education. Key Features: …

GS II-POLITY Introduction Parliamentary privileges are rights and immunities granted to members of Parliament individually and collectively to enable them to function effectively. A breach of privilege occurs when these rights and immunities are disregarded, and it is considered an offence punishable under parliamentary law. Key Aspects of Breach of …

GS II-POVERTY Introduction The National Food Security Act (NFSA), 2013, is a landmark social welfare legislation introduced by the Government of India. It aims to provide food security to the economically weaker sections of society by ensuring access to subsidized food grains. The Act covers 75% of the rural population …

GS III-ENVIRONMENT Context As of 2023, District Mineral Foundations (DMFs) have been established in 644 districts across 23 states in India. These foundations function under Section 9B of the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Amendment Act, 2015. What are District Mineral Foundations (DMFs)? DMFs are non-profit trusts formed by …

GS II-SCHEMES Why is it in the News? The Pradhan Mantri Khanij Kshetra Kalyan Yojana (PMKKKY) does not receive direct financial allocations from either the Central or State Governments. Instead, the projects under this scheme are financed through funds accumulated under the District Mineral Foundation Trust (DMF). According to Section …

GS III-ECONOMY Latest Update on Gold Monetisation Scheme The Indian government has decided to discontinue Medium-Term and Long-Term Government Deposits (MLTGD) under the Gold Monetisation Scheme (GMS) effective March 26, 2025. Understanding the Gold Monetisation Scheme Launch: Introduced in November 2015, this scheme replaced the earlier Gold Deposit Scheme (GDS) …

GS II-INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATION India is set to host the FATF Private Sector Collaborative Forum 2025 in Mumbai. The event will focus on crucial global financial issues, including enhancing payment transparency, promoting financial inclusion, and advancing the transformation of digital financial systems. Overview of the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) The …

GS II-POLITY Introduction Judicial appointments in India have long been a subject of debate. Recently, two key developments in the Supreme Court’s Collegium system have surfaced: first, the introduction of interviews for judicial candidates, and second, the exclusion of candidates with close relatives in the judiciary. A persistent power struggle …

GS III-ECONOMY Recently, the Russian envoy in India called for an alternative to the SWIFT system, as Russia was expelled from it following its invasion of Ukraine. This highlights SWIFT’s crucial role in global financial transactions and its impact on geopolitics. What is SWIFT? The Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial …

GS II-GOVERNANCE The Central Staffing Scheme (CSS) is a mechanism for selecting and appointing officers from All India Services (AIS) and Group ‘A’ Central Services to various senior positions in the Central Government on deputation. The scheme ensures a structured and transparent process for staffing key positions in ministries, departments, …

GS II-WELFARE The Prime Minister’s Citizen Assistance and Relief in Emergency Situations Fund (PM CARES Fund) and the Prime Minister’s National Relief Fund (PMNRF) are two crucial government initiatives aimed at providing financial assistance during emergencies. While both funds serve a similar purpose, they differ in their structure, governance, and …

GS III-DISASTER MANAGEMENT Disasters: Mechanisms and Funding Natural disasters pose significant challenges to states, often overwhelming their capacity to respond effectively. To mitigate the impact, India has established a structured disaster management framework under the Disaster Management Act, 2005 (DMA), which provides both institutional and financial support to states facing …

GS III-SECURITY Introduction The All Parties Hurriyat Conference (APHC), commonly known as Hurriyat, is a political alliance of separatist organizations in Jammu and Kashmir. Since its formation in 1993, it has played a key role in the separatist movement, advocating for self-determination and challenging India’s sovereignty over Kashmir. Over the …

GS III-CYBER SECURITY What is the SAHYOG portal? SAHYOG is a centralized digital platform developed by the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) under the Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C). Its primary function is to facilitate seamless data access for law enforcement agencies (LEAs) and to streamline the removal of …

GS II – Polity The Finance Bill is a crucial legislative proposal that outlines the government’s taxation and financial policies for the upcoming fiscal year. It is introduced annually in Lok Sabha as part of the Union Budget and includes all necessary legal amendments required for implementing tax proposals. Key …

GS II-Organisation National Organ and Tissue Transplant Organisation (NOTTO) is a national-level body under the Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India. It serves as the apex organization for implementing the National Organ Transplant Program (NOTP) and oversees activities as per the Transplantation …

GS II-Health In a determined effort to eradicate tuberculosis (TB) in India, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare is preparing to roll out a 100-day campaign aimed at TB elimination. About the Initiative   This campaign will be implemented across 33 States and Union Territories to strengthen TB detection, minimize …

GS III-Science & Technology Context : ISRO actively engages students across India through educational programs to foster awareness and interest in space science. YUVIKA – Young Scientist Programme Objective: Provides basic knowledge of space science, technology, and applications to young students. Aims to “Catch them young” and encourage STEM careers. …

GS III- Infrastructure Context: North India’s first nuclear power project is being developed in Gorakhpur, Haryana by the Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited (NPCIL). About Gorakhpur Nuclear Power Plant Location: Gorakhpur village, Fatehabad district, Haryana. Developer: NPCIL (Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited). Foundation Stone: Laid in 2014 by …