Guru Ravidas: A Pioneer of the Bhakti Movement

GS1 – HISTORY

Early Life and Background

Guru Ravidas (1377–1527 C.E.) was a revered saint and spiritual leader whose contributions significantly influenced the Bhakti Movement. Also known by names such as Raidas, Rohidas, and Ruhidas, he was born in Seer Govardhanpur, a small village in present-day Uttar Pradesh. His birthplace, now recognized as Shri Guru Ravidas Janam Asthan, serves as a major pilgrimage site for his followers.

Despite being born into a humble background, Guru Ravidas became a prominent advocate for human rights and social equality.

Teachings and Philosophy

• Guru Ravidas was a disciple of Ramananda, a renowned Brahmin Bhakti poet.
• He rejected Saguna Bhakti (worship of deity forms with attributes) and focused on Nirguna Bhakti (devotion to a formless, supreme being).
• His teachings centered on gender equality, the abolition of caste-based discrimination, and social justice.
• He became a symbol of resistance against untouchability and the oppression of marginalized communities.
• He preached the philosophy of spiritual liberation and self-realization.

Literary Contributions

• A prolific poet, Guru Ravidas composed devotional songs and verses that continue to inspire generations.
• 41 of his compositions are included in the Guru Granth Sahib, the holy scripture of Sikhism.
• Meera Bai, the famous Hindu saint and poetess, regarded Guru Ravidas as her spiritual mentor.

Legacy and Influence

• The Ravidassia religion is based on the teachings of Guru Ravidas, with followers considering him a saint alongside other spiritual leaders.
• His influence extended beyond his time, as his teachings were studied by Sikh Gurus.
• The Guru Ravidas Jayanti, a significant Hindu festival, marks the celebration of his birth anniversary.