- GS-1: Geography (Avalanches, Himalayan Terrain)
- GS-3: Disaster Management (Rescue Operations, Preparedness Strategies)
Key Highlights
Avalanche Disaster in Uttarakhand:
- Avalanche at Mana village (Uttarakhand) buried 54 workers at a Border Roads Organisation (BRO) site.
- 23 workers were rescued, but 8 died due to extreme snowfall at 10,500 feet altitude.
- Indian Army, Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP), and Air Force helicopters conducted a 60-hour rescue operation.
Challenges in Disaster Response:
- Blocked roads and extreme cold hindered evacuation, requiring aerial rescues.
- Drones were used to detect buried containers, showcasing technological intervention in disaster management.
- The region, known for winter-migration, highlights seasonal vulnerabilities in high-altitude settlements.
Need for Better Preparedness:
- Despite historical experience with Himalayan avalanches, there is little focus on preemptive measures.
- Safer container designs, better warning systems, and enhanced shelters could improve survival rates.
- Lessons from Antarctic research stations could help in designing resilient infrastructure for disaster-prone areas.
Analysis & Way Forward
- Strengthening early warning systems for avalanche-prone zones can minimize casualties.
- Mandating climate-resilient housing & protective structures at construction sites is crucial.
- Raising worker awareness on Himalayan hazards will improve disaster preparedness.
Mains Mock Question:
“How can India improve disaster preparedness in high-altitude regions? Discuss with reference to recent avalanches in the Himalayas.”