GS

GS 3 – Science and technology Overview: Scientists are deploying two telescopes as part of the Cubic Kilometre Neutrino Telescope (KM3NeT) project to detect high-energy neutrinos, also known as ghost particles, beneath the Mediterranean Sea. The KM3NeT is a research infrastructure that hosts next-generation neutrino telescopes with a volume of …

GS 3 – Environment – Species Contect: Environmentalists have observed that golden jackals appear to be adapting to their changing environments, showing less fear of humans and adjusting their behaviours accordingly. The golden jackal, also known as the common jackal, is a medium-sized canid resembling a wolf. While generally nocturnal …

GS 2 – Polity Overview: The Lok Sabha Speaker is set to inaugurate the ‘Panchayat Se Parliament 2.0’ event at the Central Hall of Samvidhan Sadan. The programme is organized by the National Commission for Women (NCW), in collaboration with the Lok Sabha Secretariat and the Ministry of Tribal Affairs. …

GS 3 – Defence Overview: Amid rising tensions in India-Bangladesh relations, reports suggest that Dhaka is considering purchasing the Abdali Short Range Ballistic Missiles (SRBMs), also known as Hatf 2 missiles, from Pakistan. The Abdali missile, also referred to as Hatf 2, is a short-range, road-mobile, solid propellant ballistic missile. …

GS 3 – Economy Context: The Remission of Duties and Taxes on Exported Products (RoDTEP) scheme, which provided crucial support to exporters operating under advance authorization, export-oriented units, and special economic zones schemes, expired on December 31, 2024. With no clear indication of an extension, exporters now face heightened uncertainty. …

GS 3 – Science and technology Context: Tata Group’s Air India has announced the provision of free in-flight internet services on both domestic and international flights. Connectivity Technologies: In-flight internet is facilitated by two primary technologies: air-to-ground (ATG) and satellite-based connectivity. Both require special antennae to be installed on the …

GS 2 – Governance – Education The PM-YASASVI Scheme is an integrated initiative aimed at promoting quality education for students from Other Backward Classes (OBC), Economically Backward Classes (EBC), and Denotified Tribes (DNT), particularly in their formative educational years. This scheme consolidates and enhances several previous programs, including the Dr. …

GS 3 – Environment – Schemes Context: UJALA: 10 Years of Energy-Efficient Lighting Launched in 2015, UJALA is a zero-subsidy initiative. Also known as the LED-based Domestic Efficient Lighting Programme (DELP), it is the world’s largest domestic lighting initiative. Objective: To promote energy efficiency in households by reducing energy consumption, …

GS 2 – Polity The Collegium System governs the appointment and transfer of judges in India. It has developed through various Supreme Court judgments rather than being established by an Act of Parliament or a constitutional provision. Evolution of the Collegium System First Judges Case (1981): The Supreme Court ruled …

GS2 – GOVERNANCE Recently, Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) released the draft rules for the Digital Personal Data Protection Act (DPDP). Following its passage in Parliament in August 2023, these draft rules aim to clarify several aspects of the law. Stakeholders can provide feedback through the MyGov portal …

GS3 – ECONOMICS The Government of India has launched Baanknet, a revamped e-auction portal to streamline the auction of properties by public sector banks (PSBs). This platform aims to enhance transparency, simplify processes, and boost investor confidence in the real estate market. Key Features of Baanknet Integrated Platform: Combines pre-auction, …

GS3 – ECONOMICS The Directorate General of Foreign Trade (DGFT) has amended the Foreign Trade Policy (FTP) 2023 to strengthen stakeholder engagement and improve the Ease of Doing Business (EoDB). These changes aim to make trade policy formulation more inclusive and adaptive, reflecting the government’s long-term vision for sustainable trade …

GS2 – POLITY The Supreme Court of India has reaffirmed the constitutional significance of property rights, emphasizing their protection under Article 300A, even though they are no longer fundamental rights. This judgment arose from a case involving delayed compensation for land acquired for the Bengaluru-Mysuru Infrastructure Corridor Project. Key Highlights …

GS1- SOCIETY Recent findings from the report ‘400 Million Dreams!’ by the Economic Advisory Council to the Prime Minister (EAC-PM) reveal a significant decline in rural-to-urban migration in India, with 5.4 million fewer migrants in 2023 compared to 2011—a drop of 11.8%. Key Trends in Migration Migration Rate Decline: From …

GS 3 – AGRICULTURE Why in News? The Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare has released the draft NPFAW for public feedback. Highlights of the Draft NPFAW Vision – Create a strong marketing system to help farmers access diverse markets and get the best prices for their produce. Key Features …

GS 3 – DEFENCE Ahead of PM’s Paris trip, Rafale, Scorpene deals reach final leg The Rafale fighter jet is a 4.5-generation, twin-engine, multirole combat aircraft designed and manufactured by the French company Dassault Aviation. Its acquisition by India has strategic, technological, and geopolitical implications. Below is a detailed analysis …

GS 1 – ANCIENT INDIA The Indus Valley Script, associated with the Indus Valley Civilization (IVC), remains one of the most intriguing and undeciphered scripts in human history. The script is an essential topic for UPSC as it combines aspects of history, culture, and linguistics, highlighting the intellectual and technological …

GS 3 – Agriculture The Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras has recently announced a significant collaboration with the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare to launch Project VISTAAR (Virtually Integrated System to Access Agricultural Resources). About Project VISTAAR: Project VISTAAR is a digital platform designed to integrate and provide …

GS 3 – Economy The LEADS 2024 report, released by the Union Minister of Commerce & Industry, is the 6th edition of the series aimed at evaluating the logistics performance across Indian states and Union Territories (UTs). It was conceived by the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade …

GS 2 – Governance The Centralized Pension Payments System (CPPS), implemented by the Employees’ Provident Fund Organisation (EPFO), allows pensioners to access their pension from any bank or branch across India. This system is designed to streamline pension disbursement, eliminating the need for physical verifications and ensuring seamless payments for …