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INDIAN AI MODEL LIKELY IN 6 MONTHS: UNION MINISTER FOR ELECTRONICS & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGYINDIAN AI MODEL LIKELY IN 6 MONTHS: UNION MINISTER FOR ELECTRONICS & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

GS3 SCIENCE & TECH The Union Minister for Electronics & Information Technology announced that an indigenous AI model could be ready within six months. The Minister also launched a call for proposals under the India AI Mission, inviting startups, researchers, and entrepreneurs to develop foundational AI models using Indian datasets. Features …

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CHINA’S EXPERIMENTAL ADVANCED SUPERCONDUCTING TOKAMAK (EAST) SETS NEW FUSION REACTION RECORD

GS3 SCIENCE & TECH  China’s Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST), also known as China’s Artificial Sun, maintained a steady-state high-confinement plasma operation for over 1,000 seconds, reaching a temperature of 100 million °C. Tokamak: A machine that confines plasma using magnetic fields in a donut shape to harness fusion energy. Significance of …

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INTERNATIONAL YEAR OF GLACIERS

GS1: Geography The United Nations has declared 2025 as the International Year of Glaciers’ Preservation to highlight the importance of glaciers and the need for climate action. Glaciers hold 70% of the world’s freshwater, and their rapid melting threatens water supplies, raises sea levels, and risks coastal areas. What Are …

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WHO GUIDELINES ON K-SALTS

GS3 SCIENCE & TECH:  About K-Salts K-salts are potassium-based alternatives to regular table salt, replacing sodium chloride with potassium chloride. This switch reduces sodium intake while increasing potassium, which is crucial for heart health and helps lower blood pressure. WHO Guidelines on Sodium and Potassium Intake WHO recommends reducing sodium …

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INDIA’S ROLE IN UNITED NATIONS PEACEKEEPING MISSIONS

GS3 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS UN Peacekeeping Overview Established in 1948 to maintain or restore international peace. Operates on principles of consent, impartiality, and limited force for self-defense. Involves about 100,000 personnel from 125 countries in active missions today. India’s Contributions Largest cumulative contributor, with over 253,000 troops deployed across 49 missions. …

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PARTY WHIPS

GS2 POLITY Definition A party whip is an official in a political party responsible for enforcing party discipline. Whips ensure that members attend and vote according to the party line during crucial legislative sessions. Historical Context Originated from English hunting terminology and later formalized by Edmund Burke. Integral to India’s …

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AFRICA ENERGY SUMMIT

GS3 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS Overview The Africa Energy Summit was recently held in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, where 12 African nations presented their National Energy Compacts. The event was part of “Mission 300,” an initiative by the World Bank and African Development Bank to electrify 300 million people in sub-Saharan Africa …

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NATIONAL CRITICAL MINERALS MISSION (NCMM)

GS2 GOVERNANCE Objective of NCMM Primary Aim: To encourage Indian PSUs and private sector companies to acquire critical mineral assets abroad and promote trade with resource-rich countries. Expenditure: Rs. 16,300 crore with an expected investment of Rs. 18,000 crore by PSUs and other entities. Exploration: Focus on intensifying the exploration …

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ANNUAL STATUS OF EDUCATION REPORT (ASER) 2024

GS1 SOCIETY Overview The ASER 2024, conducted by NGO Pratham, surveyed over 649,000 children across 605 rural districts, offering insights into rural education trends in India. Key Findings on Enrolment Government school enrolment declined to 66.8%, similar to 2018 levels, after peaking at 72.9% during COVID-19. Private school enrolment has …

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ASER 2024 on Early Childhood Education

GS 2 – GOVERNANCE Context : The Annual Status of Education Report (ASER) 2024 highlights significant progress in early childhood education across rural India, showing increased preschool enrollment and improvements in foundational literacy and numeracy skills. About ASER Conducted by Pratham Education Foundation, ASER is a large-scale, citizen-led household survey …

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Pralay Missile

GS 3 – DEFENCE Context : The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) will feature Pralay, India’s first short-range quasi-ballistic missile for conventional strikes, in the 2025 Republic Day parade. Overview of Pralay Missile Inception: Conceptualized in 2015. Type: An indigenous, short-range quasi-ballistic missile developed by DRDO, comparable to Russia’s …

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UTTARAKHAND IMPLEMENTS UNIFORM CIVIL CODE (UCC)

GS 2 – POLITY On January 27, 2025, Uttarakhand became the first state in India to implement the Uniform Civil Code (UCC), which standardizes personal laws across communities, ensuring equality in matters like marriage, divorce, inheritance, and live-in relationships. Key Features: Unified Legal Standards: Establishes uniform laws for marriage, divorce, …

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WAQF AMENDMENT BILL

GS 2 – POLITY The Waqf Amendment Bill (2024) seeks to amend the Waqf Act of 1995 to improve the management of Waqf properties. Key amendments include: Retaining the “Waqf by User” concept, recognizing properties used for religious purposes as Waqf. Allowing two non-Muslim members on the Waqf Board. Mandating …

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ETIKOPPAKA BOMMALU: A HERITAGE CRAFT

GS 1 – HISTORY Origin: Etikoppaka village, Andhra Pradesh Significance: Showcased during the 76th Republic Day parade Historical Background The craft dates back over 400 years, with roots linked to ancient civilizations, including the Indus Valley. Passed down through generations, it embodies the cultural legacy of Andhra Pradesh. Artisans have …

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