INDIA PLANS TO EXPORT SOLAR POWER

By 2026, Indian industry will be able to manufacture every year solar modules that can generate 100 gigawatts of power, and help the country be a net exporter of solar power.
This will significantly aid India’s target of installing 500 GW of electricity capacity from non-fossil sources by 2030, Bhupinder Bhalla, Secretary, Ministry for New and Renewable Energy, told The Hindu in an exclusive interaction.
India was to have installed 175 GW of renewable energy — from solar, wind, biomass and small hydropower sources — by December 2022, but has only installed 122 GW. Of this, solar power was to have been 100 GW, though only 62 GW has been installed.
A key bottleneck has been the cost of solar modules (or panels). While India has traditionally relied on Chinese-made components such as polysilicone wafers, necessary to make modules, higher customs duty on them (to make equivalent Indian-manufactured components more competitive) has shrunk supply.

Going local

We will need about 30-40 GW for our domestic purposes annually and the rest can be used for export. The incentive schemes that are in place are designed to encourage the manufacturers of wafers.
We have never had polysilicone manufacturing in India and this is the first time we will be making ingots and wafers in India. This is necessary for the future health of the solar ecosystem in India
Apart from module prices, land acquisition has been a major challenge for solar power manufacturers.
Despite the Centre commissioning 57 large solar parks with a capacity of 40 GW in recent years, only 10 GW has been operationalised.
Installing a megawatt of solar power requires on average four acres of land. So various developers face challenges in acquiring land and that is one reason for the delay.
Some projects have been cancelled, for lack of progress, but we expect 40 GW to be fully commissioned in the next two years.
The future phase of India’s renewable energy development will be led by hybrid projects and renewable energy parks that will host solar and wind projects along with battery storage systems.
States have been demanding consistent, dependable power and that can be done only if solar and wind power is stored [via batteries] and made available on demand. This is, of course, a challenge globally.

Impact of Adani fallout

The travails of the Adani Group of Companies, several of which had announced investments in solar and green hydrogen infrastructure, wouldn’t significantly impact India’s long-term renewable energy goals.
While the Adani Group and its commitments to renewable energy are certainly significant, we have multiple other companies that can step in. There is tremendous interest in India by sovereign wealth funds and other investors and so I don’t see any impact on our renewable energy plans.
He said the Pradhan Mantri Kisan Urja Suraksha evam Uttham Mahabhiyan (PM KUSUM) scheme, which aims to help farmers access reliable daytime solar power for irrigation, reduce power subsidies, and thereby decarbonise agriculture, was behind schedule because of the “high cost of finance” for farmers.
Under the scheme, ₹34,422 crore is to be spent by the Centre to have farmers or farmer groups install 10,000-MW solar power plants, installation of 20-lakh solar-powered agriculture pumps that are not connected to the grid (off-grid), and converting 15 lakh agriculture pumps that are already connected to the grid into solar-powered pumps.
As of December 31, 2022 only 88.46 MW of solar capacity had been added, 181,058 solar pumps had been installed, and 1,174 grid-connected pumps had been converted. The deadline for the scheme has been shifted to 2026.

SOURCE: THE HINDU, THE ECONOMIC TIMES, PIB

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