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Skill development plays a crucial role in creating jobs in India. With over 60% of its population being young, the country has a favourable demographic profile. However, to harness the full potential of such a vast workforce, enhancing employability is imperative.
The Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) was established in November 2014 to focus on skill development and entrepreneurship efforts in India. The MSDE’s objectives include:
- Enhancing the employability of youth through skill development
- Coordinating all skill development efforts across the country
- Bridging the gap between demand and supply of skilled manpower
- Creating the vocational and technical framework
- Upgrading existing skills
- Creating a skills market that is learner-centric and demand-driven
- Facilitating aspirational employment and entrepreneurship generation
- Improving overall productivity for enterprises
- Catalyzing economic growth
The MSDE was formed with matters pertaining to:
- Industrial training
- Apprenticeship
- Other skill development responsibilities
Some of the important schemes and policies Under the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE)
- National Policy for Skill Development and Entrepreneurship, 2015
- Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY)
- Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Kendra (PMKK)
- Jan Shikshan Sansthan (JSS)
- National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS)
- Skill Acquisition and Knowledge Awareness for Livelihood Promotion (SANKALP)
- National Skill Qualification Framework (NSQF)
- Creation of Indian Skill Development Services (ISDS)
- Scheme for Capacity Building in the Textile Sector (SCBTS)
National Policy for Skill Development and Entrepreneurship, 2015
- Ministry is an integral part of the government policy on “Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikaas” and its commitment to overall human resource development
- Objective – to meet the challenge of skilling at scale with speed and standard (quality)
- Aim – to provide an umbrella framework to all skilling activities being carried out within the country, to align them to common standards and link the skilling with demand centres.
Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY)
- PMKVY is implemented by the National Skills Development Corporation (NSDC) under the guidance of the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE).
- It aims at vocational training and certification of Indian youth for a better livelihood and respect in the society.
- 30 skill india international centres to be set up across different states
- Direct benefit transfer to be rolled out to provide stipend support to 47 lakh youth in 3 years
- Unified skill india digital platform to be launched to expand digital ecosystem for skilling
MSDE under the Skill India Mission.
- Initiated the establishment of state of the art, visible, aspirational model training centres in every district of India.
- The financial assistance is provided towards capex support which includes the following components
- Training infrastructure including purchase of machinery & equipment
- Training aid and other associated items
- Internal renovation of the centre
- The Scheme of Jan Shikshan Sansthan (JSS), formerly known as Shramik Vidyapeeth is implemented through a network of NGOs in the country since March 1967.
- The scheme of Jan Shikshan Sansthan was consequently transferred from Ministry of Education (erstwhile MHRD) to Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) in July 2018.
- Status – At present 248 Jan Shikshan Sansthans in 27 States and 2 UTs are active out of which 17 JSSs are not functional. A decision of setting up of 83 new Jan Shikshan Sansthans.
- National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS)
- (NAPS) is a program that helps young people get into apprenticeships. The Government of India launched NAPS in August 2016. The program’s goal is to promote apprenticeship training in the country.
- NAPS is mandatory for businesses with more than 30 employees. The apprentice count must be a minimum of 2.5% to a maximum of 15% of the total headcount. 5% of the total will be skilled and certificate-holding apprentices.
Key Features
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- Wider option for the apprentices-integration with other schemes
- Ease of Administering through technology
- Involvement of States/UTs
- Promoter and Facilitators/Third Party Aggregators (TPA)
Skill Acquisition and Knowledge Awareness for Livelihood Promotion (SANKALP)
- SANKALP is a programme with loan assistance from the World Bank.
- It aims to improve short term skill training qualitatively and quantitatively through strengthening institutions, bring in better market connectivity and inclusion of marginalised sections of the society.
- SANKALP was launched on 19th January 2018 and has a tenure till March 2023.
- Interventions under SANKALP are categorized as follows
National Skill Qualification Framework (NSQF)
- NSQF is a nationally integrated education and competency-based framework that enables persons to acquire desired competency levels.
- Organizes qualifications according to a series of levels of knowledge, skills and aptitude.
Creation of Indian Skill Development Services (ISDS)
- The Indian Skill Development Services (ISDS) is a Group ‘A’ service.
- The first batch of ISDS officers were selected in 2019 through the Indian Engineering Service Examination (ESE) conducted by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC).
- The ESE is a three-stage competitive examination that includes objective, subjective, and personality tests.
- The UPSC uses the ESE to recruit officers for technical functions of the Government of India.
